Emerging evidence of an effect of salt on innate and adaptive immunity

Salt intake as part of a western diet currently exceeds recommended limits, and the small amount found in the natural diet enjoyed by our Paleolithic ancestors. Excess salt is associated with the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, but other adverse effects of excess salt intake...

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Published inNephrology, dialysis, transplantation Vol. 34; no. 12; pp. 2007 - 2014
Main Authors Evans, Rhys D R, Antonelou, Marilina, Henderson, Scott, Walsh, Stephen B, Salama, Alan D
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England 01.12.2019
Subjects
Adaptive Immunity - drug effects
Adaptive Immunity - immunology
Animals
Flavoring Agents - adverse effects
Humans
Immunity, Innate - drug effects
Immunity, Innate - immunology
Inflammation - etiology
Inflammation - pathology
Kidney Diseases - etiology
Kidney Diseases - pathology
Sodium Chloride, Dietary - adverse effects
macrophage
glomerulonephritis
inflammation
T cell
transplantation
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Summary:Salt intake as part of a western diet currently exceeds recommended limits, and the small amount found in the natural diet enjoyed by our Paleolithic ancestors. Excess salt is associated with the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease, but other adverse effects of excess salt intake are beginning to be recognized, including the development of autoimmune and inflammatory disease. Over the last decade there has been an increasing body of evidence demonstrating that salt affects multiple components of both the innate and adaptive immune systems. In this review we outline the recent laboratory, animal and human data, highlighting the effect of salt on immunity, with a particular focus on the relevance to inflammatory kidney disease.
ISSN:0931-0509
1460-2385
DOI:10.1093/ndt/gfy362