Role of natural products and intestinal flora on type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complicated, globally expanding disease that is influenced by hereditary and environmental variables. Changes in modern society's food choices, physical inactivity, and obesity are significant factors in the development of type 2 DM (T2DM). The association between ch...

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Published inWorld journal of clinical cases Vol. 11; no. 1; pp. 65 - 72
Main Authors Aydin, Ozlem Celik, Aydın, Sonay, Barun, Sureyya
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 06.01.2023
Subjects
Minireviews
Probiotics
Intestinal flora
Bioactive compounds
Natural products
Diabetes mellitus
Endotoxemia
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Summary:Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a complicated, globally expanding disease that is influenced by hereditary and environmental variables. Changes in modern society's food choices, physical inactivity, and obesity are significant factors in the development of type 2 DM (T2DM). The association between changes in intestinal flora and numerous disorders, including obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, has been studied in recent years. The purpose of this review is to analyze the mechanisms underlying the alteration of the diabetic patients' intestinal flora, as well as their therapeutic choices. Also included is a summary of the anti-diabetic benefits of natural compounds demonstrated by studies. The short-chain fatty acids theory, the bile acid theory, and the endotoxin theory are all potential methods by which intestinal flora contributes to the establishment and progression of T2DM. Due to an intestinal flora imbalance, abnormalities in short-chain fatty acids and secondary bile acids have been found in diabetic patients. Additionally, metabolic endotoxemia with altering flora induces a systemic inflammatory response by stimulating the immune system bacterial translocation. The agenda for diabetes treatment includes the use of short-chain fatty acids, probiotics, prebiotics in the diet, fecal bacteria transplantation, and antibiotics. Animal studies have proven the antidiabetic benefits of numerous bioactive substances, including Flavonoids, Alkaloids, Saponin, and Allicin. However, further research is required to contribute to the treatment of diabetes.
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Corresponding author: Ozlem Celik Aydin, MD, Doctor, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Erzincan Mengücek Gazi Training and Research Hospital, Başbağlar, Hacı Ali Akın Cd. No. 32, Erzincan 24100, Turkey. ozlemclk_89@hotmail.com
Author contributions: Aydın S, Aydin OC, Barun S put forward the concept, were responsible for the design and supervision, did the literature search and reviewed the manuscript critically, were responsible for materials and wrote the manuscript; All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.
ISSN:2307-8960
2307-8960
DOI:10.12998/wjcc.v11.i1.65