The energy dissipation mechanism of bi-metal Kevlar\titanium fiber metal laminate under high-velocity impact

• Published in: European journal of mechanics, A, Solids Vol. 100; p. 104956
• Main Authors: Zhu, Zhiyuan, Li, Xiaobin, Yang, Rui, Xie, Weimeng, Zhang, Degong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Masson SAS 01.07.2023
• Subjects: Ballistic impact; Energy dissipation mechanism; Fiber metal laminate; Numerical model; Fiber metal laminate; Ballistic impact; Numerical model; Energy dissipation mechanism
• ISSN: 0997-7538; 1873-7285
• DOI: 10.1016/j.euromechsol.2023.104956

Fiber Metal Laminate (FML) is an impact resistant material widely used in marine and aerospace engineering structures that need to withstand impact damage, especially deck and bulkhead structures. To investigate the effect of titanium skin on energy dissipation, a series of ballistic impact experiments were performed on a bi-metal FML in this study. The FML were made of Ti–6Al–4V (TC4) skins and orthogonally woven Kevlar-129 fabric impregnated with E54-epoxy resin. Thus, this FML can be also called as bi-metal Kevlar/titanium FML. In addition, a numerical model based on stress wave theory is proposed to study the energy dissipation mechanism of the bi-metal FML under high-velocity ballistic impact. The residual ballistic velocity of the numerical model is verified by the experimental data in this paper and previous experimental data, showing that the numerical model is a more efficient method to analyze the energy dissipation mechanism of bi-metal FML. According to the numerical results, as the dominant energy dissipation, the perfectly inelastic collision of titanium skins dissipated 43%–62% and 17%–27% of total energy at the high-velocity penetration and ballistic limit, respectively. However, regardless of whether the FML has been penetrated, the compression-shear of Kevlar interlayer dissipated 24%–27% of total energy. Furthermore, the numerical calculations also show that the ballistic limit increases approximately linearly with the relative titanium skin thickness when the front titanium skin of the FML is thicker. Finally, this paper proposes a simple specific energy absorption prediction formula that helps to evaluate the energy dissipation capacity of FML. •A numerical model is proposed to predict the ballistic velocity and calculate the energy dissipation of FML.•The numerical model highlights the failure modes of different layers.•The effects of the velocity and the layer thickness on the energy dissipation.•A simple formula is proposed to predict the specific energy absorption for FML.