Microvascular Changes Are Associated with Proteinuria and EMG Changes in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Using Video Capillaroscopy

• Published in: Annals of Vascular Diseases Vol. 17; no. 1; pp. 15 - 20
• Main Authors: Rajaei, Alireza, Dehghan, Pooneh, Emtiazi, Nikoo, Afzalnia, Azadeh, Farsad, Faraneh, Hosseinian, Seyed Mohamad
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Japan The Editorial Committee of Annals of Vascular Diseases 2024; Japanese College of Angiology / The Japanese Society for Vascular Surgery / Japanese Society of Phlebology
• Subjects: capillaroscopy; diabetes; EMG changes; microvascular changes; Original; proteinuria; microvascular changes; capillaroscopy; EMG changes; diabetes; proteinuria
• ISSN: 1881-641X; 1881-6428
• DOI: 10.3400/avd.oa.23-00066

Objectives: Video capillaroscopy is a diagnostic method for evaluating microvascular changes in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study evaluated microvascular changes, including microvascular architecture, capillary distribution (morphology and density), and angiogenesis conditions in T2DM patients via video capillaroscopy.Methods: A total of 256 patients with T2DM enrolled in this study. Based on electromyography (EMG)–nerve conduction velocity results, patients were divided into patients with normal and abnormal EMG. Microalbuminuria was assessed using biochemical urine analysis. Finally, video capillaroscopy was performed to evaluate changes in microvascular architecture, capillary distribution, and angiogenesis status.Results: The differences between microalbuminuria in patients with normal and abnormal EMG were not significant. Other microvascular changes were not significant between normal and abnormal EMG groups. The patients with greater microalbuminuria were at risk of abnormal EMG 2.8 times higher than those with fewer microalbuminuria (odds ratio = 2.804; 1.034–7.601). However, EMG is not a risk factor for microvascular architecture alternation in T2DM (odds ratio = 1.069; 0.323–3.546).Conclusions: Microvascular alternations are common in T2DM and early detection of these changes could help to avoid the progress of nephropathic complications. Also, video capillaroscopy provides a promising diagnostic method for the detection of microvascular alternations in T2DM.