Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Two Treatment Regimens with a Topically Applied Combination of Imidacloprid and Moxidectin (Advocate®) against Generalised Demodicosis in Dogs

• Published in: Parasitology research (1987) Vol. 105; no. 1; pp. 115 - 124
• Main Authors: Fourie, Josephus J, Delport, Petrus C, Fourie, Leon J, Heine, Josef, Horak, Ivan G, Krieger, Klemens J
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Berlin/Heidelberg : Springer-Verlag 01.08.2009; Springer-Verlag
• Subjects: Administration, Topical; Animals; Anthelmintics - administration & dosage; Anthelmintics - adverse effects; Anthelmintics - therapeutic use; basophils; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biomedicine; blood composition; Body Weight; demodicosis; Dog Diseases - drug therapy; Dogs; Drug Combinations; erythema; Hair - growth & development; imidacloprid; Imidazoles - administration & dosage; Imidazoles - adverse effects; Imidazoles - therapeutic use; Immunology; Macrolides - administration & dosage; Macrolides - adverse effects; Macrolides - therapeutic use; Medical Microbiology; Microbiology; Mite Infestations - drug therapy; Mite Infestations - veterinary; mites; Mites - drug effects; moxidectin; Neonicotinoids; Nitro Compounds - administration & dosage; Nitro Compounds - adverse effects; Nitro Compounds - therapeutic use; normal values; Skin - parasitology; Treatment Outcome; weight gain; Paradis; Imidacloprid; Moxidectin; Mean Corpuscular Haemoglobin Concentration; Amitraz
• ISSN: 0932-0113; 1432-1955
• DOI: 10.1007/s00436-009-1502-1

This laboratory study compared the efficacy of two treatment regimens using an imidacloprid (10 %) /moxidectin (2.5 %) topical formulation (Advocate®, Bayer) on dogs with generalised demodicosis. Sixteen dogs were randomly allocated to two equal groups. One group was treated at 28-day intervals for 12 weeks and the second group at weekly intervals for 15 weeks. Mite numbers were estimated and demodectic lesions were evaluated on each dog before treatment and at approximately 28-day intervals thereafter. Consistently greater reduction in mite numbers was recorded for the weekly treatment regimen. Dogs treated at weekly intervals exhibited markedly fewer clinical signs and greater hair regrowth and weight gain than those treated at 28-day intervals. To assess the safety of a weekly treatment interval in dogs, a study was done in which the investigational compound was administered at weekly intervals at five times the recommended dose for a period of 16 consecutive weeks. Apart from transient erythema at the site of administration in one dog and scaliness of the skin in another, no clinical signs of toxicity could be observed. Assessment of 27 blood parameters indicated that only basophils were outside the reference values on days +13 and +69, during the safety trial period.