Electronics and Metal Finishing and Processing

• Published in: Water environment research Vol. 69; no. 4; pp. 626 - 630
• Main Authors: Lin, Wei, Reed, Brian E., Viadero, Roger
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Alexandria Water Environment Federation 01.06.1997; Blackwell Publishing Ltd
• Subjects: Cyanides; Electroplating; Heavy metals; Industrial effluents; Industrial Wastes; Ion exchange; Plating; Pollution control; Recycling; Wastewater; Wastewater treatment
• ISSN: 1061-4303; 1554-7531
• DOI: 10.2175/106143097X134920

International Waste Minimization Approaches and Policies to Metal Plating was developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA, 1996). The document summarizes the policy approaches of the U.S. and some other countries. Waste minimization and pollution prevention techniques and application examples of these techniques were provided. A practice-oriented solution of ecological and waste problems in electroplating was introduced (Schwan, 1996). Winkler (1996) summarized the essential risks of galvanic production. The legislation, regulations, and administrative guidelines were reviewed for establishment of effective measures for environmental risk prevention. Crawford (1996) studied the health effects of nickelcontaining materials, the disposal of liquid and solid wastes, and risk assessment and management techniques as a basis for regulation of the nickel-plating industry. An overview of regulations affecting the electronics industry and of the specific chemicals used in the industry that might trigger particular regulatory requirements was compiled by U.S. EPA (1995). An activity-based, flow-allocation method was demonstrated (Stuart et al., 1996) to identify the costs and effluent generation from two generic printed wiring assembly designs. This approach was found helpful in implementing inventory surveys for life-cycle analysis and quantitative modeling of environmental effects. Graedel (1996) discussed the need to make manufacturing processes more environmentally responsible across their life cycles. A formal evaluation process to judge the environmental implications of products and processes in the electronics industry was presented.