Application of ionic liquid-based air-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of six tetracyclines in honey

• Published in: European food research & technology Vol. 247; no. 11; pp. 2777 - 2785
• Main Authors: Yang, Yi, Yin, Shuo, Wu, Ling, Li, Yongxin, Sun, Chengjun
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.11.2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acetic acid; Agriculture; Analytical Chemistry; Biotechnology; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chlortetracycline; Demeclocycline; Detection limits; Dilution; Dispersion; Doxycycline; Ethyl acetate; Food Science; Forestry; High performance liquid chromatography; Honey; Ionic liquids; Ionic strength; Ions; Liquid chromatography; Original Paper; Oxalic acid; Oxytetracycline; Tetracyclines; Honey; Air-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction; High-performance liquid chromatography; Tetracyclines
• ISSN: 1438-2377; 1438-2385
• DOI: 10.1007/s00217-021-03838-3

A novel ionic liquid-based air-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction combined with high-performance liquid chromatographic method was developed for the simultaneous analysis of oxytetracycline, tetracycline, demeclocycline, metacycline, chlortetracycline and doxycycline in honey. Tetracyclines in samples were extracted with ethyl acetate-[Bmim]PF 6 under acidic condition with the assistance of air. The analytes were separated on a C 18 column thermostated at 20 °C under gradient condition with a mobile phase consisted of methanol and oxalic acid. Parameters for the extraction (pH, dilution buffer, ionic strength, volumes of ionic liquid and ethyl acetate, assistance techniques and extraction time) were evaluated. The developed method showed good linearities over the range of 10.0–500 μg/L ( R 2  > 0.999). The enrichment factors were 16.6–41.2. The detection limits and quantification limits were 0.434–0.919 μg/kg and 1.45–3.06 μg/kg, respectively. The recoveries were 89.5–116%. The intra-day and inter-day RSDs were 0.644–6.44% and 2.35–15.9%, respectively. The developed method is sensitive, accurate, rapid, convenient, and is applicable for the determination of six tetracyclines in honey.