Einstein static universe in the Rastall theory of gravity

. We investigate stability of the Einstein static solution against homogeneous scalar, vector and tensor perturbations in the context of the Rastall theory of gravity. We show that this solution in the presence of perfect fluid and vacuum energy originating from conformally invariant fields is stabl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inEuropean physical journal plus Vol. 133; no. 7; p. 249
Main Authors Darabi, F., Atazadeh, K., Heydarzade, Y.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Berlin/Heidelberg Springer Berlin Heidelberg 01.07.2018
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Applied and Technical Physics
Atomic
Big bang cosmology
Complex Systems
Condensed Matter Physics
Context
Cosmology
Energy
Gravitation theory
Gravity
Mathematical and Computational Physics
Molecular
Neutron stars
Optical and Plasma Physics
Perturbation
Physics
Physics and Astronomy
Regular Article
Solar system
Spacetime
Tensors
Theoretical
Theory of relativity
Universe
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Summary:. We investigate stability of the Einstein static solution against homogeneous scalar, vector and tensor perturbations in the context of the Rastall theory of gravity. We show that this solution in the presence of perfect fluid and vacuum energy originating from conformally invariant fields is stable. Using the fix point method and taking linear homogeneous perturbations, we find that the scale factor of the Einstein static universe for closed deformed isotropic and homogeneous FLRW universe depends on the coupling parameter λ between the energy-momentum tensor and the gradient of the Ricci scalar. Thus, in the present model and in the presence of vacuum energy, our universe can stay at the Einstein static state past-eternally, which means that the big bang singularity may be resolved successfully in the context of the Einstein static universe in the Rastall theory.
ISSN:2190-5444
2190-5444
DOI:10.1140/epjp/i2018-12083-1