Implementation of a Biopotential Amplifier with a Conventional and Current-Balancing Approach for Foetal ECG Monitoring

In a biopotential monitoring system, the sensors, the front end circuit, microprocessor, digital signal processor and transmitter are important blocks. The front end circuit is capable of amplifying and conditioning the biosignal. The power requirement of a biopotential monitoring system depends on...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inCircuits, systems, and signal processing Vol. 39; no. 6; pp. 2860 - 2879
Main Authors Sutha, P., Jayanthi, V. E.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published New York Springer US 01.06.2020
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Amplifiers
Balancing
Circuits
Circuits and Systems
Computer architecture
Data buses
Digital signal processors
Direct reduction
Electrical Engineering
Electronics and Microelectronics
Engineering
Instrumentation
Instruments
Low pass filters
Microprocessors
Monitoring
Monitoring systems
Notch filters
Passive components
Personal computers
Power consumption
Power lines
Power management
Signal processing
Signal,Image and Speech Processing
Telemedicine
Common mode rejection ratio
Power consumption
Current-balancing instrumentation amplifier
Instrumentation amplifier
Conventional approach
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Summary:In a biopotential monitoring system, the sensors, the front end circuit, microprocessor, digital signal processor and transmitter are important blocks. The front end circuit is capable of amplifying and conditioning the biosignal. The power requirement of a biopotential monitoring system depends on the individual blocks present in the system. Direct reduction of the power is not possible in the conventional instrumentation amplifier. The conventional instrumentation amplifier is not suitable for portable applications because it consumes much power and has a low common mode rejection ratio (CMRR). To optimize the power consumption and simplify the system architecture, the front end system adopts two-stage amplifiers. A current-balancing instrumentation amplifier approach that amplifies a biosignal is proposed to improve the noise performance and CMRR and minimize the area, power consumption, and cost. In this CBIA design, passive component mismatch is minimized. To obtain an ECG signal, the output of an instrumentation amplifier signal is further processed by high pass, low pass and notch filters to eliminate muscular noise, motion artefacts and power line interference. The resultant signal is interfaced to a personal computer through a USB/SPI interface after the conversion of the analogue biosignal into digital signals.
ISSN:0278-081X
1531-5878
DOI:10.1007/s00034-019-01311-x