Hairy root induction in Calotropis procera and optimization of its phytochemical characteristics by elicitors

• Published in: Plant cell, tissue and organ culture Vol. 155; no. 2; pp. 567 - 580
• Main Authors: Adabavazeh, Fatemeh, Pourseyedi, Shahram, Nadernejad, Nazi, Razavizadeh, Roya
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.11.2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Biomedical and Life Sciences; Calotropis procera; Essential oils; Explants; Hairy root; Hydrogen peroxide; Inoculation; Iron oxides; Leaves; Life Sciences; Metabolites; Nanoparticles; Nanotechnology and Nanoparticles in Vitro; Oils & fats; Optimization; Original Article; Plant Genetics and Genomics; Plant Pathology; Plant Physiology; Plant Sciences; Roots; Salicylic acid; Sucrose; Wounding; Salicylic acid; nanoparticles; Physiological response; Transgenic roots; Essential oil; Fe; O
• ISSN: 0167-6857; 1573-5044
• DOI: 10.1007/s11240-023-02481-y

This work centered on developing an efficient hairy root induction system to achieving a high production capacity of specialized metabolites in Calotropis procera (Aiton) W.T. Aiton . Accordingly, three strain types of Agrobacterium rhizogenes , two different explants (leaf and internodal stem segment), and inoculation suspension containing ½MS medium with 3 and 6% sucrose were studied. Besides, inoculation methods including injection and immersion with or without wounding as well as two inoculation times (5 and 30 min) were examined. Afterwards, the hairy roots were treated with different concentrations of synthesized Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles (Fe 3 O 4 NPs) and salicylic acid (SA) to improve growth and productivity. The high frequency of transformation was observed in pre-pricked leaf explants immersed in the suspension consisting A4 strain and half-strength MS with 6% sucrose. Also, the result illustrated that the application of NPs had a positive effect on increasing growth, soluble sugars, total proteins and antioxidant enzymes and reduction H 2 O 2 and MDA levels. This effect was significantly greater in the hairy roots treated with both Fe 3 O 4 NPs and SA compared to those exposed to these elicitors individually. In addition, the comparison between the essential oil components of intact plant and the transformed hairy root of C. procera confirmed that hairy root culture, especially supplemented with Fe 3 O 4 NPs and SA, has potential ability to greater production of essential oil. This study suggests that Fe 3 O 4 NPs and SA together can be used as powerful elicitors to improve growth and yield in hairy roots. Key message This study demonstrates a valuable method in hairy root induction system for Calotropis procera and improvement of their growth and physiological characteristics by Fe3O4 nanoparticles and salicylic acid.