Modified sol–gel method for synthesis and structure characterisation of ternary and quaternary ferrite-based oxides for thermogravimetrically carbon dioxide adsorption

• Published in: Chemical papers Vol. 77; no. 6; pp. 3051 - 3074
• Main Authors: Sulaiman, N. I., Abu Bakar, M., Abu Bakar, N. H. H., Saito, N., Thai, V.-P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Warsaw Versita 01.06.2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Adsorption; Barium hexaferrite; Biochemistry; Biotechnology; Carbon dioxide; Chemical composition; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Chemistry/Food Science; Citric acid; Crystallites; Esterification; Industrial Chemistry/Chemical Engineering; Materials Science; Medicinal Chemistry; Morphology; Nickel ferrites; Original Paper; Oxides; Purity; Sol-gel processes; Spinel; Structural analysis; Thermogravimetry; X ray photoelectron spectroscopy; Esterified-gel; Metal oxide; Carbon dioxide adsorption; Sol–gel method; Ferrite-based adsorbent
• ISSN: 0366-6352; 1336-9075; 2585-7290
• DOI: 10.1007/s11696-023-02687-6

Soft-NiFe 2 O 4 (S-spinel), hard-BaFe 12 O 19 (M-type) and BaNi 2 Fe 16 O 27 (W-type) were successfully prepared via a novel modified sol–gel method. The mechanism of modified sol–gel method is to utilise the esterification reaction between citric acid chelate and 2-propanol to spontaneously generate more homogeneous esterified-gel. This modified sol–gel method produced pure and highly crystalline ferrite-based oxides with more uniform morphology and effective carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) adsorption. It is a simpler and more efficient method than the traditional sol–gel method. XRD results proved the purity of the prepared ferrite-based oxides and exhibited smaller and comparable crystallite size when determined by the Debye–Scherrer equation. FTIR indicates the presence of metal–oxygen stretching bonds in the samples. Nitrogen sorption analysis confirmed the high surface area of ferrite-based oxides using this improvement method. EDX and XPS analyses verified the purity and chemical composition of the samples. The morphologies of the samples were investigated by SEM and HRTEM analysis. The CO 2 adsorption was evaluated by thermogravimetry method for all the samples, and BaNi 2 Fe 16 O 27 (W-type) shows the maximum CO 2 uptake with 20.43 mg/g ads compared to hard-BaFe 12 O 19 (M-type) and soft-NiFe 2 O 4 (S-spinel) with 17.33 and 11.31 mg/g ads , respectively. All the samples are best fitted with the pseudo-second order in kinetic analysis with high R 2 values (> 0.98). Therefore, this improvement modified sol–gel method proved better and promising option and at the same time beneficial for CO 2 adsorption.