Deficiency of the circadian clock gene Rev-erbα induces mood disorder-like behaviours and dysregulation of the serotonergic system in mice

• Published in: Physiology & behavior Vol. 256; p. 113960
• Main Authors: Otsuka, Tsuyoshi, Le, Hue Thi, Thein, Zaw Lin, Ihara, Hayato, Sato, Fuyuki, Nakao, Tomomi, Kohsaka, Akira
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Inc 01.11.2022
• Subjects: Clock gene; Mice; Mood disorders; Rev-erbα; Serotonergic system; Serotonergic system; Mood disorders; Mice; Clock gene; Rev-erbα
• ISSN: 0031-9384; 1873-507X
• DOI: 10.1016/j.physbeh.2022.113960

•Rev-erbα knockout mice exhibit both positive and negative mood phenotypes.•Rev-erbα deficiency leads to dysregulation of the dopaminergic and serotonergic systems.•The Rev-erbα gene is required for the regulation of genes essential for neurogenesis in the murine prefrontal cortex. Mood disorders such as depression, anxiety, and bipolar disorder are highly associated with disrupted daily rhythms of activity, which are often observed in shift work and sleep disturbance in humans. Recent studies have proposed the REV-ERBα protein as a key circadian nuclear receptor that links behavioural rhythms to mood regulation. However, how the Rev-erbα gene participates in the regulation of mood remains poorly understood. Here, we show that the regulation of the serotonergic (5-HTergic) system, which plays a central role in stress-induced mood behaviours, is markedly disrupted in Rev-erbα−/− mice. Rev-erbα−/− mice exhibit both negative and positive behavioural phenotypes, including anxiety-like and mania-like behaviours, when subjected to a stressful environment. Importantly, Rev-erbα−/− mice show a significant decrease in the expression of a gene that encodes the rate-limiting enzyme of serotonin (5-HT) synthesis in the raphe nuclei (RN). In addition, 5-HT levels in Rev-erbα−/− mice are significantly reduced in the prefrontal cortex, which receives strong inputs from the RN and controls stress-related behaviours. Our findings indicate that Rev-erbα plays an important role in controlling the 5-HTergic system and thus regulates mood and behaviour.