Partially oxidized Ti3C2Tx MXene-sensitive material-based ammonia gas sensor with high-sensing performances for room temperature application

• Published in: Journal of materials science. Materials in electronics Vol. 32; no. 23; pp. 27837 - 27848
• Main Authors: Yao, Lijia, Tian, Xu, Cui, Xiuxiu, Zhao, Rongjun, Xiao, Xuechun, Wang, Yude
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.12.2021; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Ammonia; Characterization and Evaluation of Materials; Chemistry and Materials Science; Electron transport; Etchants; Functional groups; Gas sensors; Heat treatment; Hydrogen bonds; Materials Science; Moisture resistance; MXenes; Operating temperature; Optical and Electronic Materials; Recovery time; Relative humidity; Room temperature; Selectivity; Sensors; Synergistic effect; Titanium dioxide; Two dimensional materials
• ISSN: 0957-4522; 1573-482X
• DOI: 10.1007/s10854-021-07166-w

It is highly desirable to develop sensors with high response and selectivity at room temperature of operating temperature. Besides, efficient and low-cost sensors are also required for future social development. In this paper, it is developed a detector with two-dimensional (2D) material of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene sensing material by a chemical etchant for ammonia sensing, which shows high response and excellent selectivity to ammonia (NH 3 ) at room temperature of operating temperature. A key point of this work is the thermal treatment temperature of the sensing ceramic tube at 280 °C, which removes the adsorbed water and partially oxidized the material. In ambient condition, Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene-280 shows the response to 500 ppm NH 3 with 147 %, and the counterpart response and recovery time are 67 and 157 s at room temperature of operating temperature, respectively. In the environment of different relative humidity, its sensing performance is maintained at around 50 % of the initial performance, which shows great moisture resistance. The higher response and good selectivity of Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene-280 sensor to NH 3 at room temperature are ascribed to the powerful hydrogen bond formed between the OH − , O 2 −  functional groups on Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene-280 and NH 3 , as well as the synergistic effect of TiO 2 and Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene, generated after heating treatment, which increases the electron transport efficiency. The results demonstrated that the facilely designed Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene-280 sensor is believed to contribute to developing future portable and selective sensing electronics at room temperature.