Complementary models for audio-visual speech classification

• Published in: International journal of speech technology Vol. 25; no. 1; pp. 231 - 249
• Main Authors: Sad, Gonzalo D., Terissi, Lucas D., Gómez, Juan C.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York Springer US 01.03.2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Artificial Intelligence; Audio data; Classification; Classifiers; Datasets; Engineering; Machine learning; Markov analysis; Markov chains; Recognition; Signal,Image and Speech Processing; Social Sciences; Speech recognition; Support vector machines; Complementary models; Speech classification; Classifier combination; Audio-visual speech
• ISSN: 1381-2416; 1572-8110
• DOI: 10.1007/s10772-021-09944-7

A novel scheme for disambiguating conflicting classification results in Audio-Visual Speech Recognition applications is proposed in this paper. The classification scheme can be implemented with both generative and discriminative models and can be used with different input modalities, viz. only audio, only visual, and audio visual information. The proposed scheme consists of the cascade connection of a standard classifier, trained with instances of each particular class, followed by a complementary model which is trained with instances of all the remaining classes. The performance of the proposed recognition system is evaluated on three publicly available audio-visual datasets, and using a generative model, namely a Hidden Markov model, and three discriminative techniques, viz. random forests, support vector machines, and adaptive boosting. The experimental results are promising in the sense that for the three datasets, the different models, and the different input modalities, improvements in the recognition rates are achieved in comparison to other methods reported in the literature over the same datasets.