Tooth as graft material: Histologic study

• Published in: Clinical implant dentistry and related research Vol. 24; no. 4; pp. 488 - 496
• Main Authors: Minetti, Elio, Corbella, Stefano, Taschieri, Silvio, Canullo, Luigi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.08.2022; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: alveolar ridge reconstruction; autogenous; Autografts; Biomaterials; Biomedical materials; bone; bone augmentation; Bone biomaterials; bone grafting; Bone grafts; bone substitutes; Dental implants; Dimensional changes; Grafting; histological analysis; implantology; Jaw; Mandible; Materials substitution; Maxilla; prospective; Rehabilitation; Soft tissues; Statistical analysis; Substitute bone; Teeth; autogenous; implantology; alveolar ridge reconstruction; bone substitutes; bone augmentation; bone; biomaterials; histological analysis; bone grafting; prospective
• ISSN: 1523-0899; 1708-8208
• DOI: 10.1111/cid.13097

Background An effective regenerative protocol is key to reestablish and maintain the hard and soft tissue dimensions over time. The choice of the graft material and its properties also could have an impact on the results. To prevent alveolar ridge dimensional changes, since numerous graft materials have been suggested and in the past years, a growing interest in teeth material has been observed as a valuable alternative to synthetic biomaterials. Aim The aim of the study was to explore the histomorphometric outcomes of tooth derivative materials as used as bone substitute material in socket preservation procedure. Methods After alveolar socket preservation (ASP) procedures using autologous demineralized tooth as graft material prepared by means of an innovative device, was evaluated. A total of 101 histological samples, from 96 subjects, were analyzed by evaluating the total amount of bone (BV), residual tooth material (residual graft, TT), and vital bone (VB). The section from each sample was then split in nine subsections, resulting in 909 subsections, to allow statistical comparison between the different areas. Results It was not noticed a statistically significant difference between maxillary and mandibular sites, being the amount of VB in upper jaw sites 37.9 ± 21.9% and 38.0 ± 22.0% in lower jaw sites and the amount of TT was 7.7 ± 12.2% in maxilla and 7.0 ± 11.1% in mandibles. None of the other considered parameters, including defect type and section position, were statistically correlated to the results of the histomorphometric analysis. Conclusions ASP procedure using demineralized autologous tooth‐derived biomaterial may be a predictable procedure to produce new vital bone potentially capable to support dental implant rehabilitation.