Quantifying Wheat Sensitivities to Environmental Constraints to Dissect Genotype × Environment Interactions in the Field

Yield is subject to strong genotype-by-environment (G × E) interactions in the field, especially under abiotic constraints such as soil water deficit (drought [D]) and high temperature (heat [H]). Since environmental conditions show strong fluctuations during the whole crop cycle, geneticists usuall...

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Published inPlant physiology (Bethesda) Vol. 174; no. 3; pp. 1669 - 1682
Main Authors Parent, Boris, Bonneau, Julien, Maphosa, Lance, Kovalchuk, Alex, Langridge, Peter, Fleury, Delphine
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States American Society of Plant Biologists 01.07.2017
Subjects
Droughts
ECOPHYSIOLOGY AND SUSTAINABILITY
Environment
Flowers - physiology
Gene-Environment Interaction
Genotype
Quantitative Trait Loci - genetics
Seeds - growth & development
Soil
Temperature
Triticum - genetics
Water
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Summary:Yield is subject to strong genotype-by-environment (G × E) interactions in the field, especially under abiotic constraints such as soil water deficit (drought [D]) and high temperature (heat [H]). Since environmental conditions show strong fluctuations during the whole crop cycle, geneticists usually do not consider environmental measures as quantitative variables but rather as factors in multienvironment analyses. Based on 11 experiments in a field platform with contrasting temperature and soil water deficit, we determined the periods of sensitivity to drought and heat constraints in wheat (Triticum aestivum) and determined the average sensitivities for major yield components. G 3 E interactions were separated into their underlying components, constitutive genotypic effect (G), G × D, G × H, and G × H × D, and were analyzed for two genotypes, highlighting contrasting responses to heat and drought constraints. We then tested the constitutive and responsive behaviors of two strong quantitative trait loci (QTLs) associated previously with yield components. This analysis confirmed the constitutive effect of the chromosome 1B QTL and explained the G × E interaction of the chromosome 3B QTL by a benefit of one allele when temperature rises. In addition to the method itself, which can be applied to other data sets and populations, this study will support the cloning of a major yield QTL on chromosome 3B that is highly dependent on environmental conditions and for which the climatic interaction is now quantified.
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www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.17.00372
Current address: Department of Environment and Primary Industries, 110 Natimuk Road, Horsham, Victoria 3400, Australia.
Current address: School of BioSciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3052, Australia.
The author responsible for distribution of materials integral to the findings presented in this article in accordance with the policy described in the Instructions for Authors (www.plantphysiol.org) is: Boris Parent (boris.parent@supagro.inra.fr).
Current address: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 759, Laboratoire d’Ecophysiologie des Plantes sous Stress Environnementaux, 34060 Montpellier, France.
B.P. conceived the research plan, supervised the experiments, analyzed the data, and wrote the article with contributions of all the authors; J.B. and L.M. selected the genetic material, performed the genotyping, and participated in field experiments; A.K. provided technical support in field experiments; P.L. designed the genetic material and supervised the project; D.F. supervised the genetic analyses and participated in the writing.
ISSN:0032-0889
1532-2548
1532-2548
DOI:10.1104/pp.17.00372