Neuronal apoptosis in neurodegeneration

Apoptosis mediates the precise and programmed natural death of neurons and is a physiologically important process in neurogenesis during maturation of the central nervous system. However, premature apoptosis and/or an aberration in apoptosis regulation is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegen...

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Bibliographic Details
Published inAntioxidants & redox signaling Vol. 9; no. 8; p. 1059
Main Authors Okouchi, Masahiro, Ekshyyan, Oleksandr, Maracine, Magdalena, Aw, Tak Yee
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States 01.08.2007
Subjects
Animals
Apoptosis
Disease Progression
DNA Damage
Humans
Models, Biological
Mutation
Neurodegenerative Diseases - metabolism
Neurodegenerative Diseases - pathology
Neurons - metabolism
Neurons - pathology
Oxidation-Reduction
Reactive Oxygen Species
Signal Transduction
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Summary:Apoptosis mediates the precise and programmed natural death of neurons and is a physiologically important process in neurogenesis during maturation of the central nervous system. However, premature apoptosis and/or an aberration in apoptosis regulation is implicated in the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration, a multifaceted process that leads to various chronic disease states, such as Alzheimer's (AD), Parkinson's (PD), Huntington's (HD) diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), and diabetic encephalopathy. The current review focuses on two major areas (a) the fundamentals of apoptosis, which includes elements of the apoptotic machinery, apoptosis inducers, and emerging concepts in apoptosis research, and (b) apoptotic involvement in neurodegenerative disorders, neuroprotective treatment strategies/modalities, and the mechanisms of, and signaling in, neuronal apoptosis. Current and new experimental models for apoptosis research in neurodegenerative diseases are also discussed.
ISSN:1523-0864
DOI:10.1089/ars.2007.1511