Prevalence of Cardiovascular Diseases in South Asians: Scrutinizing Traditional Risk Factors and Newly Recognized Risk Factors Sarcopenia and Osteopenia/Osteoporosis

• Published in: Current problems in cardiology Vol. 49; no. 1; p. 102071
• Main Authors: Kuchi Bhotla, Haripriya, Meyyazhagan, Arun, Pushparaj, Karthika, Pappuswamy, Manikantan, Chaudhary, Aditi, Arumugam, Vijaya Anand, Balasubramanian, Balamuralikrishnan, Ragu Varman, Durairaj, Orlacchio, Antonio, Rengasamy, Kannan R.R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier Inc 01.01.2024
• Subjects: Bone Diseases, Metabolic - complications; Cardiovascular Diseases - epidemiology; Cardiovascular Diseases - etiology; Humans; Myocardial Infarction; Osteoporosis - complications; Osteoporosis - epidemiology; Prevalence; Risk Factors; Sarcopenia - complications; Sarcopenia - epidemiology
• ISSN: 0146-2806; 1535-6280
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2023.102071

One of the primary reasons for complications and death worldwide are cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), with a death toll of approximately 18 million per year. CVDs include cardiomyopathy, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, coronary heart disease, myocardial infarction, heart attack, hearth failure, etc. Over 80% of the CVD mortality is recorded from lower and middle-income countries. Records from the past decade have highlighted the increase of CVDs among the South Asian populations, and the prime purpose of the review is to jot down the reasons for the steep spike in CVDs. Studies analyzing the causative factors for the increase of CVDs in South Asians are still to be verified. Apart from known predisposing and lifestyle factors, other emerging risk factors associated with CVDs, namely the musculoskeletal diseases sarcopenia and osteopenia, should be tracked to tackle research gaps in upcoming analyses. This requires loads of scientific efforts. With proper monitoring, the raising alarm that the CVD burden generates can be reduced. This review discusses the already established signs and recognizes important clues to the emerging etiology of CVDs in the Asian population and prevention measures to keep it at bay. [Display omitted]