A General Strategy for Enhancing Sensitivity and Suppressing Noise in Infrared Organic Photodetectors Using Non‐Conjugated Polymer Additives

• Published in: Advanced functional materials Vol. 34; no. 24
• Main Authors: Bills, Tyler, Liu, Chih‐Ting, Lim, Jasmine, Eedugurala, Naresh, Mahalingavelar, Paramasivam, Seo, Bogyeom, Hanna, Ethan T., Ng, Tse Nga, Azoulay, Jason D.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.06.2024
• Subjects: Bias; donor–acceptor conjugated polymers; Energy gap; Figure of merit; Heterojunctions; infrared photodetectors; Noise sensitivity; organic photodiodes; organic semiconductors; Photodiodes; Photometers; Polysulfone resins; semiconducting polymers; Sensitivity enhancement
• ISSN: 1616-301X; 1616-3028
• DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202314210

Photodetectors operating across the near‐ to short‐wave infrared (NIR–SWIR, λ = 0.9–1.8 µm) underpin modern science, technology, and society. Organic photodiodes (OPDs) based on bulk‐heterojunction (BHJ) active layers overcome critical manufacturing and operating drawbacks inherent to crystalline inorganic semiconductors, offering the potential for low‐cost, uncooled, mechanically compliant, and ubiquitous infrared technologies. A constraining feature of these narrow bandgap materials systems is the high noise current under an applied bias, resulting in specific detectivities (D*, the figure of merit for detector sensitivity) that are too low for practical utilization. Here, this study demonstrates that incorporating wide‐bandgap insulating polymers within the BHJ suppresses noise by diluting the transport and trapping sites as determined using capacitance‐frequency analysis. The resulting D* of NIR–SWIR OPDs operating from 600–1400 nm under an applied bias of −2 V is improved by two orders of magnitude, from 108 to 1010 Jones (cm Hz1/2 W−1), when incorporating polysulfone within the blends. This broadly applicable strategy can reduce noise in IR‐OPDs enabling their practical operation and the realization of emerging technologies. The addition of insulating polymers within the active layer of infrared (IR) photoresponsive organic photodiodes (OPDs) suppresses noise, resulting in enhanced sensitivity and specific detectivity (D*) when operated under an applied reverse bias. These solution‐processed ternary blends offer a straightforward and effective strategy for improving the performance of IR‐OPDs, enabling their practical operation and the realization of emerging technologies.