Photon Correlations from the Mollow Triplet

• Published in: Laser & photonics reviews Vol. 11; no. 5
• Main Authors: López Carreño, Juan Camilo, Valle, Elena, Laussy, Fabrice P.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Weinheim Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.09.2017
• Subjects: Correlation; Photoluminescence; Photon emission; Photons
• ISSN: 1863-8880; 1863-8899
• DOI: 10.1002/lpor.201700090

Photon correlations between the photoluminescence peaks of the Mollow triplet have been known for a long time, and recently hailed as a resource for heralded single‐photon sources. Here, we provide the full picture of photon‐correlations at all orders (we deal explicitly with up to four photons) and with no restriction to the peculiar frequency windows that enclose the peaks. We show that a rich multi‐photon physics lies between the peaks, due to transitions involving virtual photons, and thereby much more strongly correlated than those transiting through the real states. Specifically, we show that such emissions occur in bundles of photons rather than as successive, albeit correlated, photons. We provide the recipe to frequency‐filter the emission of the Mollow triplet to turn it into a versatile and tunable photon source, allowing in principle all scenarios of photon emission, with advantages already at the one‐photon level, i.e., providing more strongly correlated heralded single‐photon sources than those already known. The photons emitted by a two‐level system, driven coherently, exhibit rich quantum correlations. Under strong driving, the lineshape splits into a so‐called Mollow triplet, whose sidepeaks are antibunched and pairwise bunched, offering prospects for heralded single‐photon sources. Versatile and more strongly correlated emission can be obtained by selecting photons from unremarkable frequency windows at the photoluminescence (one‐photon) level. N‐photon correlation spectra unravel rich a landscape of correlations with leapfrog processes producing photon bundles, that can be heralded by other photons or other bundles. This knowledge of the structure of correlations should allow to power all‐purpose multi‐photon sources.