CD103-CD23+ classical hair cell leukemia: A case report and review of the literature

• Published in: Medicine (Baltimore) Vol. 100; no. 51; p. e28262
• Main Authors: Zhao, Hong-Li, Cui, Hong-Hua, Jin, Li-Fang, Zhao, Meng, Shen, Wei-Zhang
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Lippincott Williams & Wilkins 23.12.2021
• Subjects: Antigens, CD; Antineoplastic Agents - therapeutic use; Cladribine - therapeutic use; Clinical Case Report; Female; Humans; Immunophenotyping; Integrin alpha Chains; Leukemia, Hairy Cell - diagnosis; Leukemia, Hairy Cell - drug therapy; Middle Aged; Neoplasm, Residual; Receptors, IgE; Rituximab - therapeutic use; Treatment Outcome
• ISSN: 0025-7974; 1536-5964
• DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000028262

This case report is presented to improve our understanding of the atypical immunophenotype of hairy cell leukemia. A 58-year-old woman presented to our department with fatigue for >10 days. The patient was diagnosed with an increased proportion of abnormal lymphocytes in peripheral blood and bone marrow smear, positive for CD11c, CD19, CD20, CD22, CD25, CD123, CD200, and Kappa, partial expression of CD23, but no expression of CD103, positive for BRAF V600E mutation. Cladribine combined with rituximab achieved complete remission of minor residual disease negativity. Hairy cell leukemia is rare, and the diagnosis and differential diagnosis should be made by combining the patient's medical history, clinical manifestations, immunophenotype, gene detection, and other means. Purine nucleoside analogs are the first-line treatments.