Approaches to Cytogenetic Assessment of the Dose due to Radiation Exposure of the Gut-Associated Lymphoid Tissue

• Published in: Biology bulletin of the Russian Academy of Sciences Vol. 49; no. 11; pp. 2009 - 2020
• Main Authors: Tolstykh, E. I., Degteva, M. O., Vozilova, A. V., Akleyev, A. V.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Moscow Pleiades Publishing 01.12.2022; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Age; Biochemistry; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Bone marrow; Cell Biology; Chromosome aberrations; Cytogenetics; Digestive system; Ecology; Epithelium; Follicles; Gastrointestinal tract; Gut-associated lymphoid tissues; Lamina propria; Large intestine; Life Sciences; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Lymphoid tissue; Osteoprogenitor cells; Peripheral blood; Radiation Cytogenetics; Radioisotopes; Small intestine; Zoology; gut associated lymphoid tissues; circulating T-lymphocytes; resident memory T-cells; β-emitting radionuclides; biodosimetry
• ISSN: 1062-3590; 1608-3059
• DOI: 10.1134/S1062359022110206

FISH analysis of chromosomal aberrations in T-lymphocytes from peripheral blood is used to assess exposure doses. The interpretation of the results of cytogenetic studies requires special model approaches in the cases of a non-uniform distribution of β-emitting radionuclides in the body or combined internal and external exposure. A model of exposure of T cells and their precursors in the red bone marrow was described by us earlier. This review is focused on the approaches for the assessment of doses to T-lymphocytes in gut-associated lymphoid tissues (GALT). Based on the published data, the following items were analyzed: the exposure geometry of GALT from the chyme; the distribution of circulating T-lymphocytes in the GALT; and approaches to modeling T-lymphocyte exposure in the GALT. As a result, the age-related characteristics of the residence of various subpopulations of T-cells in the lamina propria , gut epithelium, and lymphatic follicles were estimated. The proportion of circulating T-cells in the total number of T-lymphocytes in the small intestine and colon (30–35%) was evaluated. The relative amount of time that circulating T-lymphocytes spend in the small and large intestine was estimated (2.4 and 2.7%). The values obtained will be used for assessing the doses to circulating T-lymphocytes when interpreting cytogenetic data on stable chromosomal aberrations obtained by FISH.