Measurements of Turbulent Jet Mixing in a Turbulent Co-Flow Including the Influence of Periodic Forcing and Heating

• Published in: Flow, turbulence and combustion Vol. 98; no. 3; pp. 751 - 779
• Main Authors: Klinner, Joachim, Willert, Christian E.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.04.2017; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acetone; Automotive Engineering; Engineering; Engineering Fluid Dynamics; Engineering Thermodynamics; Fluid- and Aerodynamics; Heat and Mass Transfer; Planar laser induced fluorescence; Turbulent flow; Turbulent jets; Pipe bend; Acetone PLIF; Error convergence; Turbulent mixing; Turbulent flux
• ISSN: 1386-6184; 1573-1987
• DOI: 10.1007/s10494-016-9789-3

In this work, the turbulent mixing of a confined coaxial jet in air is investigated by means of simultaneous particle image velocimetry and planar laser induced fluorescence of the acetone seeded flow injection. The jet is injected into a turbulent duct flow at atmospheric pressure through a 90 ∘ pipe bend. Measurements are conducted in a small scale windtunnel at constant mass flow rates and three modes of operation: isothermal steady jet injection at a Dean number of 20000 ( R e d =32000), pulsed isothermal injection at a Womersley number of 65 and steady injection at elevated jet temperatures of ΔT=50 K and ΔT=100 K. The experiment is aimed at providing statistically converged quantities of velocity, mass fraction, turbulent fluctuations and turbulent mass flux at several downstream locations. Stochastic error convergence over the number of samples is assessed within the outer turbulent shear layer. From 3000 samples the statistical error of time-averaged velocity and mass fraction is below 1 % while the error of Reynolds shear stress and turbulent mass flux components is in the of range 5-6 %. Profiles of axial velocity and turbulence intensity immediately downstream of the bend exit are in good agreement with hot-wire measurements from literature. During pulsed jet injection strong asymmetric growing of shear layer vortices lead to a skewed mass fraction profile in comparison with steady injection. Phase averaging of single shot PLIF-PIV measurements allows to track the asymmetric shear layer vortex evolvement and flow breakdown during a pulsation cycle with a resolution of 10 ∘ . Steady injection with increased jet temperature supports mixing downstream from 6 nozzle diameters onward.