Effect of loading rate on fracture behaviors of shale under mode I loading

• Published in: Journal of Central South University Vol. 27; no. 10; pp. 3118 - 3132
• Main Authors: Xie, Qin, Li, Sheng-xiang, Liu, Xi-ling, Gong, Feng-qiang, Li, Xi-bing
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Changsha Central South University 01.10.2020; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Acoustic emission; Acoustic propagation; Crack initiation; Crack propagation; Engineering; Fracture mechanics; Fracture toughness; Loading rate; Metallic Materials; Microcracks; Propagation; Propagation velocity; Split Hopkinson pressure bars; Velocity; shale; CSTBD; fracture toughness; crack propagation velocity; 裂纹扩展速度; cracked straight through Brazilian disc; 页岩; 断裂韧度; loading rate; 声发射; acoustic emission; 加载速率
• ISSN: 2095-2899; 2227-5223
• DOI: 10.1007/s11771-020-4533-5

In this study, the effect of loading rate on shale fracture behaviors was investigated under dynamic and static loading conditions. Cracked straight through Brazilian disc (CSTBD) shale specimens were tested with a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) setup and INSTRON1346 servo-testing machine under pure mode I loading conditions. During the test, the crack propagation process was recorded by high-speed (HS) camera, and the acoustic emission (AE) signal generated by the fracture was collected by acoustic emission (AE) system. At the same time, crack propagation gauge (CPG) was used to measure the crack propagation velocity of the specimen. The results show that the crack propagation velocity and fracture toughness of shale have a positive correlation with the loading rate. The relationship among the crack propagation velocity, the fracture toughness and the loading rate is established under the static loading condition. In addition, the characteristics of AE signals with different loading rates are analyzed. It is found that the AE signals generated by microcrack growth decrease with the increase of loading rates. Meanwhile, the turning point of cumulative counting moves forward as the loading rate increases, which shows that the AE signal generated by shale fracture at low loading rate mainly comes from the initiation and propagation of microcracks, while at high loading rate it mainly comes from the formation of macro large-scale cracks. The fracture mechanism that causes shale fracture toughness and crack propagation velocity to vary with loading rate is also discussed based on the analysis results of AE signals.