Intersubunit Mobility of the Ribosome

Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein nanoparticles synthesizing all proteins in living cells. The function of the ribosome is to translate the genetic information encoded in a nucleotide sequence of mRNA into the amino acid sequence of a protein. Each translation step (occurring after the codon-dependent...

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Published inMolecular biology (New York) Vol. 52; no. 6; pp. 799 - 811
Main Authors Finkelstein, A. V., Razin, S. V., Spirin, A. S.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published Moscow Pleiades Publishing 01.11.2018
Springer Nature B.V
Subjects
Amino acid sequence
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Chemical reactions
Free energy
Human Genetics
Life Sciences
Mobility
mRNA
Nanoparticles
Nucleotide sequence
Proteins
Reviews
Ribosomes
Translocation
tRNA
rectification of Brownian motion
ribosome
translocation
transpeptidation
free energy
molecular machines
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Summary:Ribosomes are ribonucleoprotein nanoparticles synthesizing all proteins in living cells. The function of the ribosome is to translate the genetic information encoded in a nucleotide sequence of mRNA into the amino acid sequence of a protein. Each translation step (occurring after the codon-dependent binding of the aminoacyl-tRNA with the ribosome and mRNA) includes (i) the transpeptidation reaction and (ii) the translocation that unidirectionally drives the mRNA chain and mRNA-bound tRNA molecules through the ribosomal intersubunit space; the latter process is driven by the free energy of the chemical reaction of transpeptidation. Thus, the translating ribosome can be considered a conveying protein-synthesizing molecular machine. In this review we analyze the role of ribosomal intersubunit mobility in the process of translocation.
ISSN:0026-8933
1608-3245
DOI:10.1134/S0026893318060080