Focused Ultrasound Neuromodulation to Peripheral Nerve System

• Published in: The European journal of neuroscience Vol. 61; no. 7; pp. e70062 - n/a
• Main Author: Zhou, Yufeng
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: France Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.04.2025
• Subjects: Animals; focused ultrasound; Humans; Neuromodulation; peripheral nerve system; Peripheral nerves; Peripheral Nerves - physiology; Ultrasonic imaging; Ultrasonic Therapy - methods; Ultrasound; Vagus nerve; Vagus Nerve Stimulation - methods; neuromodulation; focused ultrasound; peripheral nerve system
• ISSN: 0953-816X; 1460-9568; 1460-9568
• DOI: 10.1111/ejn.70062

ABSTRACT Noninvasive focused ultrasound (FUS) has been applied in the treatment of various targets. Neuromodulation using FUS is emerging as a promising therapeutic modality for the central nerve system (CNS) with the advantages of deep penetration and precise targeting in the brain. This technique can also be applied to the peripheral nerve system (PNS). The principle of FUS and the mechanisms of neromodulation on PNS are summarized. Current experimental observations on the PNS targets are introduced to show their therapeutic effects. Discussion on the limitations and perspectives of this technology illustrates the pros and cons for future development. FUS provides a noninvasive, safe, and effective modality for neurotherapeutics. Although the relevant research on PNS is much less than that on CNS, the limited studies have already shown the satisfactory performance of FUS in comparison to the FDA‐approved implanted device, especially the vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). Wide applications in clinics and fast development in technology are expected in the near future. Focused ultrasound neuromodulation of the peripheral nerve system presents a promising and noninvasive therapeutic approach with the potential to revolutionize the treatment landscape for various neurological and inflammatory conditions. Its current applications and underlying mechanisms are systematically reviewed. Challenges hindering the clinical translation and future efforts in this emerging field are discussed for more targeted and effective interventions.