Assessment of eGFR, using Cystatin-C and Creatinine Based Equations for the Early Detection of Renal Injury in Diabetic and Non Diabetic Patients

• Published in: Journal of clinical and diagnostic research Vol. 12; no. 9; pp. BC30 - BC33
• Main Authors: SANGEETA, S., Ambekar, Jeevan, Sudhakar, Tung uthurthi, waz, Mohd Shanna, Dongre, Nilima
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited 01.09.2018
• Subjects: chronic kidney disease; chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration; diabetic nephropathy
• ISSN: 2249-782X; 0973-709X
• DOI: 10.7860/JCDR/2018/36698.12069

Introduction: Assessment of renal function in individuals with Type-2 diabetes is very important as diabetic nephropathy is the major cause of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) which leads to the most frequent cause of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in diabetic patients. Glomerular Filtration Rate (GFR) can be considered as best index for assessment of renal function. Aim: To assess the eGFR using Serum Cystatin-C and compare with Serum creatinine based equations for the early detection of renal injury in Diabetic and Non Diabetic patients. Materials and Methods: The present cross-sectional study was carried out after getting approval by institutional human ethical committee. A total of 150 participants were part of the study after obtaining the informed consent. Group-I included 50 Normal healthy controls, Group-II included 50 Chronic Kidney Disease Patients without Diabetes Mellitus (CKD-ND) and Group-III included 50 patients of Chronic Kidney Disease with Diabetes Mellitus (CKD-DM). Serum Cystatin-C, Creatinine, Urea and Glucose were estimated in the serum sample. eGFR was calculated by using Creatinine and Cystatin C based CKDEPI equation. Data was analysed by SPSS 20.0. Correlation analysis was done using Karl Pearson’s correlation coefficient. A p-value less than 0.05 were considered as significant. Results: Serum Cystatin-C and serum creatinine were significantly increased in Non diabetic patients with CKD, a considerable decrease in eGFR was observed in Group-II compared to Group-III. Serum Cystatin-C showed a significant negative correlation with eGFR among the groups. There was a strong correlation of serum Cystatin-C with eGFR in Group-II and Group-III compared to Controls. Conclusion: Serum Cystatin-C can be used as an alternative marker to creatinine in CKD patients without diabetes.