Deciphering sperm functions using biological networks

The global human population is exponentially increasing, which requires the production of quality food through efficient reproduction as well as sustainable production of livestock. Lack of knowledge and technology for assessing semen quality and predicting bull fertility is hindering advances in an...

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Published inBiotechnology & genetic engineering reviews Vol. 40; no. 4; pp. 3743 - 3767
Main Authors Kutchy, Naseer A., Morenikeji, Olanrewaju B., Memili, Aylin, Ugur, Muhammet R.
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published England Taylor & Francis 01.12.2024
Subjects
Animals
Cattle
Computational Biology - methods
Fertility
Gene
Gene Regulatory Networks
Humans
Livestock
Male
metabolite
networks
reproduction
Spermatogenesis
Spermatozoa - metabolism
metabolite
Gene
networks
fertility
reproduction
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Summary:The global human population is exponentially increasing, which requires the production of quality food through efficient reproduction as well as sustainable production of livestock. Lack of knowledge and technology for assessing semen quality and predicting bull fertility is hindering advances in animal science and food animal production and causing millions of dollars of economic losses annually. The intent of this systemic review is to summarize methods from computational biology for analysis of gene, metabolite, and protein networks to identify potential markers that can be applied to improve livestock reproduction, with a focus on bull fertility. We provide examples of available gene, metabolic, and protein networks and computational biology methods to show how the interactions between genes, proteins, and metabolites together drive the complex process of spermatogenesis and regulate fertility in animals. We demonstrate the use of the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) and Ensembl for finding gene sequences, and then use them to create and understand gene, protein and metabolite networks for sperm associated factors to elucidate global cellular processes in sperm. This study highlights the value of mapping complex biological pathways among livestock and potential for conducting studies on promoting livestock improvement for global food security.
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ISSN:0264-8725
2046-5556
2046-5556
DOI:10.1080/02648725.2023.2168912