Integrating as-built BIM model from point cloud data in construction projects

• Published in: Engineering, construction, and architectural management Vol. 31; no. 9; pp. 3557 - 3574
• Main Authors: Zeng, Ruochen, Shi, Jonathan J.S., Wang, Chao, Lu, Tao
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Bradford Emerald Publishing Limited 10.09.2024; Emerald Group Publishing Limited
• Subjects: Algorithms; Automation; Building components; Building information modeling; Built environment; Case studies; Collaboration; Construction; Data models; Design; Feature recognition; Geometry; Heuristic methods; Laser applications; Lasers; Modelling; Modules; Planes; Quality assessment; Scanners; Semantics; Software utilities; Three dimensional models; As-built BIM; Laser scanning; 3D reconstruction; Point clouds; IFC
• ISSN: 0969-9988; 1365-232X
• DOI: 10.1108/ECAM-12-2022-1196

PurposeAs laser scanning technology becomes readily available and affordable, there is an increasing demand of using point cloud data collected from a laser scanner to create as-built building information modeling (BIM) models for quality assessment, schedule control and energy performance within construction projects. To enhance the as-built modeling efficiency, this study explores an integrated system, called Auto-Scan-To-BIM (ASTB), with an aim to automatically generate a complete Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) model consisted of the 3D building elements for the given building based on its point cloud without requiring additional modeling tools.Design/methodology/approachASTB has been developed with three function modules. Taking the scanned point data as input, Module 1 is built on the basis of the widely used region segmentation methodology and expanded with enhanced plane boundary line detection methods and corner recalibration algorithms. Then, Module 2 is developed with a domain knowledge-based heuristic method to analyze the features of the recognized planes, to associate them with corresponding building elements and to create BIM models. Based on the spatial relationships between these building elements, Module 3 generates a complete IFC model for the entire project compatible with any BIM software.FindingsA case study validated the ASTB with an application with five common types of building elements (e.g. wall, floor, ceiling, window and door).Originality/valueFirst, an integrated system, ASTB, is developed to generate a BIM model from scanned point cloud data without using additional modeling tools. Second, an enhanced plane boundary line detection method and a corner recalibration algorithm are developed in ASTB with high accuracy in obtaining the true surface planes. At last, the research contributes to develop a module, which can automatically convert the identified building elements into an IFC format based on the geometry and spatial relationships of each plan.