Effect of Mangrove Complexity and Environmental Variables on Fish Assemblages Across a Tropical Estuarine Channel of the Mexican Pacific

• Published in: Wetlands (Wilmington, N.C.) Vol. 43; no. 5; p. 50
• Main Authors: Santamaría-Damián, Salvador, Tovilla-Hernández, Cristian, Romero-Berny, Emilio I., Damon, Anne, Navarro-Martínez, Angélica, Ortega-Argueta, Alejandro
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Dordrecht Springer Netherlands 01.06.2023; Springer Nature B.V
• Subjects: Abundance; Biomass; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Coastal Sciences; Coastal Wetlands; Complexity; Deforestation; Dominance; Ecology; Environmental Management; Estuaries; Fish; Freshwater & Marine Ecology; Habitats; High tide; Hydrogeology; Hydrology; Juveniles; Landscape Ecology; Life Sciences; Litter fall; Mangroves; Microhabitats; Mouth; Physicochemical properties; Roots; Salinity; Species richness; Variables; Mexico; Tropical Eastern Pacific; Stilt roots; Ecosistema de manglar; Hojarasca de manglares; Mangrove ecosystem; Estuarine mouth; Mangrove litterfall; Neumatóforos; Peces de manglar; Boca estuarina; Pneumatophores; Raíces de zancos; Mangrove fishes; Pacífico oriental tropical
• ISSN: 0277-5212; 1943-6246
• DOI: 10.1007/s13157-023-01700-8

It is assumed that the structural complexity of mangroves plays a determining role on fish assemblages in that ecosystem. However, there is limited evidence for how the interaction between the mangroves and environmental variables affects the assemblage structure and composition, abundance and biomass of fish. The main goal of this study was to test whether fish assemblages vary between sectors of mangroves located at different distances from the mouth of the estuary and between root microhabitats and seasons, and to analyze the role of environmental characteristics in these variations. In the Boca del Cielo-San José estuarine channel (Chiapas, Mexico), fish assemblages were sampled during high tide during 2019–2020, within mangroves in three sectors of the channel (lower, middle and upper), while mangrove complexity index, dominance of stilt roots or pneumatophores, litterfall production and six physicochemical parameters of the water were measured. Our results showed that fish assemblages varied significantly between sectors, microhabitats and seasons. Lower sector sites dominated by stilt root microhabitats presented the highest species richness, abundance and biomass of fish, while more than 90% of the juvenile fish in the samples were associated with pneumatophores. We found that the interaction of salinity, depth, distance from the estuary mouth, litter production, and dominance of aerial roots or pneumatophores explained patterns of fish abundance and biomass in mangroves. Our observations coincide with other studies in emphasizing the importance of mangroves as nursery and feeding sites for fish, but whose structure is defined by local variables and factors, which must be taken into account in research and management programs.