AUTOMATED SCREENING OF DIABETIC RETINOPATHY WITH OPTIMIZED DEEP CONVOLUTIONAL NEURAL NETWORK: ENHANCED MOTH FLAME MODEL

• Published in: Journal of mechanics in medicine and biology Vol. 21; no. 1; p. 2150005
• Main Authors: NAIR, ARUN T, MUTHUVEL, K.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Singapore World Scientific Publishing Company 01.02.2021; World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte., Ltd
• Subjects: Algorithms; Artificial neural networks; Blood vessels; Diabetic retinopathy; Feature extraction; High pass filters; Image acquisition; Image classification; Image enhancement; Image reconstruction; Image segmentation; Medical imaging; Neural networks; Optimization; Optimization algorithms; Probabilistic models; Retinal images; Diabetic retinopathy; DR recognization; proposed optimization; proposed LBP-based feature extraction; blood vessel segmentation
• ISSN: 0219-5194; 1793-6810
• DOI: 10.1142/S0219519421500056

Nowadays, analysis on retinal image exists as one of the challenging area for study. Numerous retinal diseases could be recognized by analyzing the variations taking place in retina. However, the main disadvantage among those studies is that, they do not have higher recognition accuracy. The proposed framework includes four phases namely, (i) Blood Vessel Segmentation (ii) Feature Extraction (iii) Optimal Feature Selection and (iv) Classification. Initially, the input fundus image is subjected to blood vessel segmentation from which two binary thresholded images (one from High Pass Filter (HPF) and other from top-hat reconstruction) are acquired. These two images are differentiated and the areas that are common to both are said to be the major vessels and the left over regions are fused to form vessel sub-image. These vessel sub-images are classified with Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) classifier and the resultant is summed up with the major vessels to form the segmented blood vessels. The segmented images are subjected to feature extraction process, where the features like proposed Local Binary Pattern (LBP), Gray-Level Co-Occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Gray Level Run Length Matrix (GLRM) are extracted. As the curse of dimensionality seems to be the greatest issue, it is important to select the appropriate features from the extracted one for classification. In this paper, a new improved optimization algorithm Moth Flame with New Distance Formulation (MF-NDF) is introduced for selecting the optimal features. Finally, the selected optimal features are subjected to Deep Convolutional Neural Network (DCNN) model for classification. Further, in order to make the precise diagnosis, the weights of DCNN are optimally tuned by the same optimization algorithm. The performance of the proposed algorithm will be compared against the conventional algorithms in terms of positive and negative measures.