Wet-type grinder-treated okara modulates gut microbiota composition and attenuates obesity in high-fat-fed mice

• Published in: Food research international Vol. 182; p. 114173
• Main Authors: Nagano, Takao, Watanabe, Chihiro, Oyanagi, Eri, Yano, Hiromi, Nishiuchi, Takumi
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Canada Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2024
• Subjects: 16S ribosomal RNA genes; Gut microbiota; High-fat diet; Metabolomics; Nanofiber; Obesity; Gut microbiota; Metabolomics; Obesity; FXR; GTT; HFD; Nanofiber; SCFA; AUC; PCA; WG; High-fat diet; 16S ribosomal RNA genes; CA; WGO; BA
• ISSN: 0963-9969; 1873-7145
• DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114173

[Display omitted] •Wet-type grinder (WG) is a nanofiber technology used to atomize fiber materials.•WG-treated okara (WGO) intake attenuated obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice.•WGO treatment increased the abundance of butyrate producer Ruminococcus.•The primary bile acid biosynthesis pathway increased by WGO intake. Wet-type grinder (WG) is a nanofiber technology used to atomize dietary fiber-rich materials. WG-treated okara (WGO) exhibits high dispersion and viscosity similar to those of viscous soluble dietary fibers. Here, we studied the effect of WGO supplementation on obesity and gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice. WGO intake suppressed body weight gain and fat accumulation, improved glucose tolerance, lowered cholesterol levels, and prevented HFD-induced decrease in muscle mass. WGO supplementation also led to cecum enlargement, lower pH, and higher butyrate production. The bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA genes (16S rDNA) were sequenced to determine the gut microbiota composition of the fecal samples. Sequencing of bacterial 16S rDNA revealed that WGO treatment increased the abundance of butyrate producer Ruminococcus and reduced the abundances of Rikenellaceae, Streptococcaceae, and Prevotellaceae, which are related to metabolic diseases. Metabolomics analysis of the plasma of WGO- and cellulose-treated mice were conducted using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Metabolic pathway analysis revealed that the primary bile acid biosynthesis pathway was significantly positively regulated by WGO intake instead of cellulose. These results demonstrate that WG is useful for improving functional properties of okara to prevent metabolic syndromes, including obesity, diabetes, and dyslipidemia.