The effects and predictive value of calcium and magnesium concentrations on nutritional improvement, inflammatory response and diagnosis in patients with Crohn's disease

• Published in: Journal of human nutrition and dietetics Vol. 36; no. 5; pp. 1649 - 1660
• Main Authors: Zheng, Ying, Liao, Yijun, Ouyang, Ye, Wu, Ziying, Li, Zebin, Lin, Jiasen, Zhang, Kaijun, Wang, Xu, Cen, Zhuoxian, Ma, Wenjun, Dai, Shixue
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Blackwell Publishing Ltd 01.10.2023
• Subjects: Active control; Biochemical markers; Biomarkers; Calcium; Calcium (blood); Calcium (dietary); Crohn's disease; Crohns disease; Diagnosis; Diet; Dietary intake; Food intake; Gastrointestinal system; Gastrointestinal tract; Indicators; Inflammation; Inflammatory bowel diseases; Inflammatory response; Magnesium; Malnutrition; Medical diagnosis; Nutritional status; Remission; Serum levels; Signs and symptoms; diagnosis; magnesium; nutrition; Crohn's disease; calcium; inflammation
• ISSN: 0952-3871; 1365-277X
• DOI: 10.1111/jhn.13201

Crohn's disease (CD) is a progressive inflammatory disease of the gastrointestinal tract associated with malnutrition, high levels of inflammation and calcium and magnesium deficiencies. However, the relationships between these symptoms are poorly defined. Seventy-six adult CD patients who had not yet started treatment and 83 healthy volunteers were recruited. The dietary intakes, serum calcium and magnesium levels, nutritional indicators and biochemical markers of disease activity were measured. Most participants had inadequate magnesium and calcium intake. The serum magnesium and calcium levels, as well as nutritional and inflammatory indicators, differed significantly between CD patients and controls, especially in the active phase. Serum levels of magnesium and calcium correlated with both nutritional status and inflammation. The cut-off values for CD development were 0.835 mmol/L (magnesium) and 2.315 mmol/L (calcium), whereas those for the active phase were 0.785 and 2.28 mmol/L, respectively. Adequate intake of magnesium and calcium may both improve the nutritional status of CD patients and reduce inflammation, benefiting disease relief. As both magnesium and calcium reflect CD status, they may be useful markers for CD diagnosis and disease activity.