Genetic and environmental contributions for the relationship between tooth loss and oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma

• Published in: Head & neck Vol. 46; no. 6; pp. 1417 - 1427
• Main Authors: Silva, Adriana M., Falcão, Michelle M. L., Freitas, Valéria S., Vieira, Alexandre R.
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Hoboken, USA John Wiley & Sons, Inc 01.06.2024; Wiley Subscription Services, Inc
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - epidemiology; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell - genetics; Case-Control Studies; cleft palate; Epidemiology; Female; Gene-Environment Interaction; Genetic diversity; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Head & neck cancer; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mouth Neoplasms - genetics; Nucleotides; Oral cancer; Oral carcinoma; oral leukoplakia; Oral squamous cell carcinoma; orofacial cleft; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Precancerous Conditions - genetics; Precancerous Conditions - pathology; Risk Factors; Squamous cell carcinoma; squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck; tooth loss; Tooth Loss - epidemiology; orofacial cleft; oral leukoplakia; cleft palate; squamous cell carcinoma of head and neck; tooth loss
• ISSN: 1043-3074; 1097-0347; 1097-0347
• DOI: 10.1002/hed.27648

Background To investigate the association between tooth loss and oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma, focusing on epidemiological factors and genetic variants. Methods Case–control study, including histologically confirmed oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma cases and healthy controls. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios for this association were calculated. Single‐nucleotides polymorphisms were tested for individuals with and without missing teeth. Results Case individuals were more edentulous while controls had fewer missing teeth (p = 0.006). There was an increased risk for the outcomes associated with edentulism (OR = 6.95, p = 0.000), even after adjustments for educational level (OR = 4.7, p = 0.034) and smoking habits (OR = 5.01, p = 0.022). Among individuals with tooth loss, rs1533767 (WNT11), rs3923087, and rs11867417 (AXIN2) were associated with the outcomes (OR = 1.67, p = 0.03, OR = 0.53, p = 0.05, and OR = 0.42, p = 0.00, respectively). Conclusions Tooth loss could increase the risk for oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma.