Use of strontium doping glass-ceramic material for bone regeneration in critical defect: In vitro and in vivo analyses

• Published in: Ceramics international Vol. 46; no. 16; pp. 24940 - 24954
• Main Authors: Maciel, Panmella Pereira, Pessôa, Joyce Andreza Moreira, Medeiros, Eudes Leonnan Gomes de, Batista, Andre Ulisses Dantas, Figueiredo, Lucas Ricardo Fernandes, Medeiros, Eliton Souto de, Duarte, Dennis França de Oliveira, Alves, Adriano Francisco, Sousa, Frederico Barbosa de, Vieira, Basilio Rodrigues, Batista, Roberta Ferreti Bonan Dantas, Perez, Danyel Elias Cruz, Menezes, Romualdo Rodrigues, Castellano, Lúcio Roberto Cançado, Bonan, Paulo Rogério Ferreti
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 01.11.2020
• Subjects: Bioactive glass-ceramic; Bone regeneration; Critical defects; Sol-gel; Strontium; Strontium; Bioactive glass-ceramic; Bone regeneration; Critical defects; Sol-gel
• ISSN: 0272-8842; 1873-3956
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.06.280

The in vitro bioactivity and in vivo bone neoformation in critical-size bone defects of a glass-ceramic material containing strontium ions (Sr2+) were evaluated in the present study as well as the antimicrobial effect against oral pathogens. A glass-ceramic bioactive material in powder (CP), based on the composition of S53P4 bioactive glass, was produced by partially replacing calcium with SrO using the sol-gel route. The amount of SrO added was 2.2 wt% (CPSr12.5) and 5.0 wt% (CPSr25). The amount of Sr2+ ions released by the CP increase with time achieving 18 mg/L at 6 h and the release rate decreased at longer times. pH values higher than 10 were obtained in the first 6 h, in agreement with an inhibitory microbial effect. These materials showed in vitro bioactivity, with total surface coated by hydroxyapatite (HA) after 7 days of immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF). The pH of SBF increased rapidly after immersion of CP, reaching a maximum value of 8.72 after 168 h. HA formation was observed in vitro for all samples. On microtomography and histomorphometric analysis, CPSr25 showed higher values than CP without Sr2+ (CPSr0) for bone volume (p = 0.016), density (p = 0.016) and neoformation area (p = 0.025) at 28 days. Histological analysis revealed higher degree of vascularization after 28 days for CPSr25 when compared to CPSr0 (p = 0.003). In addition, CP showed an inhibitory effect on oral pathogens. Substitution of CaO by SrO (CPSr25) presented the best results on the healing of critical-size bone defects, as evidenced by microtomographic and histological analyses. These data confirmed that higher concentrations of Sr2+doped CP materials are potential alternatives to improve bone healing and regeneration in critical-size bone defects.