Recent developments in the synthesis of hybrid heterocycles, a promising approach to develop multi-target antibacterial agents

• Published in: Journal of molecular structure Vol. 1286; p. 135616
• Main Authors: Sadek, Kamal Usef, Mekheimer, Ramadan Ahmed, Abd-Elmonem, Mohamed, Abo-Elsoud, Fatma A., Hayallah, Alaa M., Mostafa, Sara M., Abdellattif, Magda H., Abourehab, Mohammed A.S., Farghaly, Thoraya A., Elkamhawy, Ahmed
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier B.V 15.08.2023
• Subjects: Antibacterial heterocycles; Five-five hybrids; Five-six hybrids; Hybrid molecules; Six-Six hybrids; Six-Six hybrids; Five-six hybrids; Antibacterial heterocycles; Five-five hybrids; Hybrid molecules
• ISSN: 0022-2860; 1872-8014
• DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135616

•The synthesis of five-five, five-six and six-six antibacterial hybrid heterocycles.•The Docking studies and mechanism of action for synthesized compounds.•The different protocols for the synthesis of targeted heterocycles and the mechanisms to account for their formations. Hybrid molecules have become a well-established and powerful biologically relevant heterocycles. They constitute a core structure due to their widespread use in pharmaceutical and agrochemical industry. In recent years this field has been increasingly grown in an extraordinary manner and is now recognized in fields related to drug discovery. A limitation associated with antibacterial drugs is drug resistance and the harmful side effects, lack of efficiency and the need of prolonged therapy required the use of toxic drugs. An interesting and efficient strategy is the combination of two biologically active scaffolds acting at different targets. It is worth to mention that the nature of substituent's and the ring size play a crucial rule in increasing the potency of such compounds. Accessing such challenge, we focus on recent developments in the synthesis of anti-bacterial hybrid heterocycles, in silico methods, docking studies and mode of action utilizing accessible starting materials, simple and efficient processes as well functional groups diversity.