On applicability of von Karman’s momentum theory in predicting the water entry load of V-shaped structures with varying initial velocity

• Published in: Ocean engineering Vol. 262; p. 112249
• Main Authors: Lu, Yujin, Buono, Alessandro Del, Xiao, Tianhang, Iafrati, Alessandro, Deng, Shuanghou, Xu, Jinfa
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Elsevier Ltd 15.10.2022
• Subjects: Acceleration; Amphibious aircraft; Linear dependence; Momentum theory; Water landing; Momentum theory; Linear dependence; Water landing; Acceleration; Amphibious aircraft
• ISSN: 0029-8018; 1873-5258
• DOI: 10.1016/j.oceaneng.2022.112249

The water landing of an amphibious aircraft is a complicated problem that can lead to uncomfortable riding situation and structural damage due to large vertical accelerations and the consequent dynamic responses. The problem herein is investigated by solving unsteady incompressible Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes equations with a standard k−ω turbulence closure model. The theoretical solutions established by the von Karman’s momentum theory are also employed. In order to validate the relationships between the initial vertical velocity and the peak value of vertical acceleration, free fall test cases of 2D symmetric wedge oblique entry and 3D cabin section vertical entry are presented first. The other parameters at which the maximum acceleration occurs, such as time, penetration depth, velocity, are also evaluated. Hence, the quantitative relations are investigated to water landing event for amphibious aircraft. Detailed results in terms of free surface shape and pressure distribution are provided to show the slamming effects. The results show that a linear dependence of the maximal acceleration from the square of initial vertical velocity can be derived for two-dimensional wedge, three-dimensional cabin section and seaplane with V-shaped hull. Moreover, the ratio between the corresponding velocity and the initial vertical velocity tends to a constant threshold value, 5/6, derived from the theoretical solution, when increasing the initial vertical velocity in all three cases. •The maximal acceleration is proportional to the square of the initial velocity for the V-shaped body.•The theoretical ratio of the corresponding velocity to the initial velocity is valid for large impact velocity.•Gravity effect should be considered with slow impact speed.•A coupled relation among azmax, υz∗ and z∗ is found.