Clinical evaluation of 31 children with pituitary insufficiency in the course of the pituitary stalk interruption syndrome. The unexpected growth without growth hormone in 2 children

• Published in: Pediatric endocrinology, diabetes, and metabolism Vol. 27; no. 4; pp. 272 - 282
• Main Authors: A Chrzanowska, Joanna, Zubkiewicz-Kucharska, Agnieszka, Seifert, Monika, Całkosiński, Aleksander, Noczyńska, Anna
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Poland Termedia Publishing House 2021
• Subjects: Adolescent; Child; Child, Preschool; Human Growth Hormone; Humans; Hypopituitarism - diagnosis; Hypopituitarism - drug therapy; Infant; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Original paper | Praca oryginalna; Pituitary Diseases - diagnosis; Pituitary Diseases - drug therapy; Pituitary Gland - diagnostic imaging; short stature; pituitary stalk interruption syndrome; combined pituitary hormone deficiency
• ISSN: 2081-237X; 2083-8441
• DOI: 10.5114/pedm.2021.109129

The pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) is one of the complex -forms of congenital pituitary insufficiency. Symptoms resulting from insufficiency of the pituitary gland, in spite of the inborn character of the disease, may appear at various stages of life. The aim of this paper was to present clinical presentation in 31 patients with PSIS confirmed radiologically. In the whole study population during first examination 25.8% children were diagnosed with combined pituitary hormone deficiency (CPHD). During the endocrinological observation (median follow-up 5.1 years, range 0.513.2) of the above-mentioned group 74.2% subjects were diagnosed with CPHD, while 25.8% patients with isolated growth hormone deficiency (GHD). Two children with initially short stature were confirmed with GHD. As a result of the parents' decision, growth hormone therapy was either not started or discontinued. During further follow-up, however, the children achieved normal height. Children with PSIS present a diverse clinical picture and should be observed because of the risk of further pituitary disorders. In the differential diagnosis of hypoglycemia in the neonatal period and in infancy, hypopituitarism should be considered. The phenomenon of normal growth in patients with confirmed growth hormone deficiency has been observed, although is not fully understood.