Frontalis suspension in the treatment of essential blepharospasm unresponsive to botulinum-toxin therapy : long-term results
Thirty-one patients with essential blepharospasm or lid opening disorder of the levator-inhibiting type, unresponsive to treatment with botulinum toxin, underwent frontalis suspension. Twenty-eight patients received bilateral surgery (three patients with bilateral complaints of different severity we...
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Published in | Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology Vol. 235; no. 8; pp. 486 - 489 |
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Main Authors | , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Berlin
Springer
01.08.1997
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Thirty-one patients with essential blepharospasm or lid opening disorder of the levator-inhibiting type, unresponsive to treatment with botulinum toxin, underwent frontalis suspension. Twenty-eight patients received bilateral surgery (three patients with bilateral complaints of different severity were operated on the more affected side; these patients were not included in the statistical analysis). The mean age was 62.4 years +/- 8.52 (range 42-80 years). The individual improvement of complaints was assessed by the patients using a percentage scale (0% = no improvement; 100% = no complaints). Objective and subjective improvement was achieved in 26 of 28 patients. The mean subjective improvement was 57.7% +/- 31.4. In 23 cases an additional treatment with botulinum toxin was administered. During follow-up period (mean 22.1 months +/- 11.6; range 5-40 months) the effect of surgery remained stable. There were no serious complications, in a 5 of 56 operated eyes suture granuloma had developed. Unlike other surgeries for treatment of blepharospasm (excision of the orbicularis muscle, resection of facial nerve branches) frontalis suspension can be considered as a minimally invasive, but very effective and (if desired) reversible procedure. Moreover, additional treatment with botulinum toxin can bring about further improvement. |
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ISSN: | 0721-832X 1435-702X |
DOI: | 10.1007/BF00947004 |