Adiponectin/leptin ratio predicts the remission of metabolic syndrome: A pilot study

• Published in: International journal of cardiology Vol. 400; p. 131791
• Main Authors: Liberale, Luca, Carbone, Federico, Bonaventura, Aldo, Kraler, Simon, Bertolotto, Maria, Artom, Nathan, Pontremoli, Roberto, Viazzi, Francesca C., Pende, Aldo, Pisciotta, Livia, Montecucco, Fabrizio
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Netherlands Elsevier B.V 01.04.2024
• Subjects: Adipocytokine; Adipokines; Adiponectin; Adiponectin/leptin ratio; Humans; Inflammation; Leptin; Metabolic syndrome; Metabolic Syndrome - diagnosis; Pilot Projects; Adipocytokine; Inflammation; Metabolic syndrome; Leptin; Adiponectin; Adiponectin/leptin ratio
• ISSN: 0167-5273; 1874-1754
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131791

Adipokines are key mediators of inflammation in metabolic syndrome perpetuating the effect of excess nutrient intake by setting a self-maintaining vicious circle. Here, we assess levels of adiponectin and leptin in a cohort of individuals with MetS undergoing dietary and behavioral counselling. Specifically, we investigate their role as predictors of metabolic syndrome remission after 1 year. Patients with MetS (n = 127) received behavioral and dietary recommendations and were followed-up for 1 year. Serum was available for 108 individuals, levels of adiponectin and leptin were tested at baseline, at 6 months (t1) and after 1 year (t2). Adiponectin/leptin (A/L) ratio was also calculated and tested for predictive ability. At the end of the follow-up period, 59 patients did not show enough criteria to define MetS anymore. When considered alone, adiponectin and leptin levels did not show difference over follow-up. Their ratio instead was significantly reduced at t1 and t2 with respect to baseline. Remitters also showed lowers level of leptin and A/L ratio as compared to non-remitters at t1. At this timepoint, A/L ratio independently predicted MetS remission at 1 year [OR 9.082 95%CI (1.394–59.160), p = 0.021]. Bootstrap resampling analysis internally validated our findings. Preliminary results from our pilot study suggest that MetS remission after counselling associates with changes in adipokine balance. A/L ratio decreases overtime and its value at 6 months can independently predict MetS remission. •Adipokines are key mediators of inflammation in metabolic syndrome.•Adipokine balance change in individuals with metabolic syndrome after medical counselling.•Adiponectin/leptin ratio might predict metabolic syndrome remission.