Methylene blue and the NO/cGMP pathway in solid organs transplants

• Published in: Minerva anestesiologica Vol. 86; no. 4; pp. 423 - 432
• Main Authors: Miranda, Luiz E, Mente, Enio D, Fernandes Molina, Carlos A, Sumarelli Albuquerque, Agnes A, Rubens de Nadai, Tales, Arcêncio, Livia, Basile-Filho, Anibal, Barbosa Evora, Paulo R
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Italy 01.04.2020
• Subjects: Cyclic GMP - metabolism; Hemodynamics; Humans; Hypotension; Liver - metabolism; Lung - physiopathology; Methylene Blue; Nitric Oxide - metabolism; Reperfusion; Reperfusion Injury - physiopathology; Signal Transduction; Transplants - metabolism; Vascular Resistance
• ISSN: 0375-9393; 1827-1596
• DOI: 10.23736/S0375-9393.20.13841-0

The nitric oxide/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO/cGMP) pathway has a significative influence in hemodynamic changes that occur in transplants. Classically, the ischemia-reperfusion syndrome (IRS) is characterized by hypotension and low vascular resistance, when cGMP and nitric oxide (NO) are increased, contributing to oxidative stress, within an inflammatory context. These mechanisms occur in several types of transplants, such as liver, heart, lungs, kidney, which are a therapeutic choice in several clinical conditions when conventional treatments failed. It is well known the significant relation between graft dysfunction or rejection and ischemia-reperfusion injury that is linked to inflammatory response and NO/cGMP pathway activation. This review aims to study the NO/cGMP pathway in solid organ transplants. Finally, we inquire whether physicians do not underestimate the NO/cGMP pathway.