Control of a Quadrotor With Reinforcement Learning

• Published in: IEEE robotics and automation letters Vol. 2; no. 4; pp. 2096 - 2103
• Main Authors: Hwangbo, Jemin, Inkyu Sa, Siegwart, Roland, Hutter, Marco
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: IEEE 01.10.2017
• Subjects: Aerial systems: mechanics and control; Computational modeling; Junctions; Learning (artificial intelligence); learning and adaptive systems; Neural networks; Optimization; Robots; Trajectory
• ISSN: 2377-3766; 2377-3766
• DOI: 10.1109/LRA.2017.2720851

In this letter, we present a method to control a quadrotor with a neural network trained using reinforcement learning techniques. With reinforcement learning, a common network can be trained to directly map state to actuator command making any predefined control structure obsolete for training. Moreover, we present a new learning algorithm that differs from the existing ones in certain aspects. Our algorithm is conservative but stable for complicated tasks. We found that it is more applicable to controlling a quadrotor than existing algorithms. We demonstrate the performance of the trained policy both in simulation and with a real quadrotor. Experiments show that our policy network can react to step response relatively accurately. With the same policy, we also demonstrate that we can stabilize the quadrotor in the air even under very harsh initialization (manually throwing it upside-down in the air with an initial velocity of 5 m/s). Computation time of evaluating the policy is only 7 μs per time step, which is two orders of magnitude less than common trajectory optimization algorithms with an approximated model.