An Atypical Case of Intracranial Dermoid Cyst in an Adult Female: A Case Report and Literature Review

Intracranial dermoid cysts are unusual cystic tumors that are often benign, develop slowly, and are present from birth. They are made up of mature squamous epithelium and may house ectodermal features such as glands (apocrine, eccrine, and sebaceous). Dermoid cysts may be asymptomatic and can be det...

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Published inCurēus (Palo Alto, CA) Vol. 15; no. 5; p. e39807
Main Authors Emmanuel, Sanni, Inban, Pugazhendi, Akuma, Ogbonnaya, Nouman Aslam, Muhammad, Talat, Fawad, Nizamani, Ammarah, Chenna, Venkata Sai Harshabhargav, Romain, Ebene Mbende, Chu Carredo, Carlo Kristian, Khan, Aadil
Format Journal Article
LanguageEnglish
Published United States Cureus Inc 31.05.2023
Cureus
Subjects
Blood vessels
Case reports
Convulsions & seizures
Cysts
Females
Internal medicine
Lipids
Magnetic resonance imaging
Medical imaging
Medicine
Meningitis
Neurology
Neurosurgery
Oncology
Tomography
Tumors
chemical meningitis
congenital dermoid cysts (cds)
seizures
ectodermal
intracranial dermoid cysts
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Summary:Intracranial dermoid cysts are unusual cystic tumors that are often benign, develop slowly, and are present from birth. They are made up of mature squamous epithelium and may house ectodermal features such as glands (apocrine, eccrine, and sebaceous). Dermoid cysts may be asymptomatic and can be detected incidentally during brain imaging for unrelated causes. Dermoid cysts tend to grow gradually and may eventually exert pressure on the brain and surrounding areas. Unfortunately, they can seldom burst, resulting in an unfavorable prognosis for the patient depending on the size, location, and clinical presentation. Headache, convulsions, cerebral ischemia, and aseptic meningitis are the most frequent symptoms. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) of the brain aid in accurate diagnosis and therapy planning. In some cases, the treatment consists of surgical monitoring with regular surveillance imaging. In other cases, surgery is needed, depending on the symptoms and the location of the cyst in the brain.
ISSN:2168-8184
2168-8184
DOI:10.7759/cureus.39807