Nucleic acid‐based vaccine for ovarian cancer cells; bench to bedside

• Published in: Cell biochemistry and function Vol. 42; no. 2; pp. e3978 - n/a
• Main Authors: Al‐Hawary, Sulieman Ibraheem Shelash, Jasim, Saade Abdalkareem, Hjazi, Ahmed, Oghenemaro, Enwa Felix, Kaur, Irwanjot, Kumar, Abhinav, Al‐Ani, Ahmed Muzahem, Alwaily, Enas R., Redhee, Ahmed Huseen, Mustafa, Yasser Fakri
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: England Wiley Subscription Services, Inc 01.03.2024
• Subjects: Antibodies; Antigen (tumor-associated); Antigens; Antigens, Neoplasm; Bispecific antibodies; Cancer; Cancer immunotherapy; cancer vaccine; Cancer vaccines; Cancer Vaccines - therapeutic use; Chimeric antigen receptors; DNA vaccines; Female; Genetic code; Humans; Illnesses; Immune checkpoint inhibitors; Immunization; Immunogenicity; Immunotherapy; Lymphocytes; Lymphocytes T; Manufacturing industry; Microorganisms; mRNA; nucleic acid; Nucleic Acid-Based Vaccines; Nucleic acids; Ovarian cancer; Ovarian Neoplasms - drug therapy; Peptides; Pharmacology; Synthetic peptides; therapy; tumors; Vaccines; tumors; nucleic acid; cancer vaccine; ovarian cancer; therapy
• ISSN: 0263-6484; 1099-0844
• DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3978

Ovarian cancer continues to be a difficult medical issue that affects millions of individuals worldwide. Important platforms for cancer immunotherapy include checkpoint inhibitors, chimeric antigen receptor T cells, bispecific antibodies, cancer vaccines, and other cell‐based treatments. To avoid numerous infectious illnesses, conventional vaccinations based on synthetic peptides, recombinant subunit vaccines, and live attenuated and inactivated pathogens are frequently utilized. Vaccine manufacturing processes, however, are not entirely safe and carry a significant danger of contaminating living microorganisms. As a result, the creation of substitute vaccinations is required for both viral and noninfectious illnesses, including cancer. Recently, there has been testing of nucleic acid vaccines, or NAVs, as a cancer therapeutic. Tumor antigens (TAs) are genetically encoded by DNA and mRNA vaccines, which the host uses to trigger immune responses against ovarian cancer cells that exhibit the TAs. Despite being straightforward, safe, and easy to produce, NAVs are not currently thought to be an ideal replacement for peptide vaccines. Some obstacles to this strategy include selecting the appropriate therapeutic agents (TAs), inadequate immunogenicity, and the immunosuppressive characteristic of ovarian cancer. We focus on strategies that have been employed to increase NAVs' effectiveness in the fight against ovarian cancer in this review.