Value: Changes in the Detection and Recognition Thresholds of Three Basic Tastes in Lung Cancer Patients Receiving Cisplatin and Paclitaxel and Its Association with Nutritional and Quality of Life Parameters

• Published in: Nutrition and cancer Vol. 68; no. 2; pp. 241 - 249
• Main Authors: Turcott, Jenny G., Juárez-Hernández, Eva, De la Torre-Vallejo, Martha, Sánchez-Lara, Karla, Luvian-Morales, Julissa, Arrieta, Oscar
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: United States Routledge 17.02.2016; Taylor & Francis Ltd
• Subjects: Adult; Aged; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - adverse effects; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols - therapeutic use; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung - drug therapy; Chemotherapy; Cisplatin - administration & dosage; Cisplatin - adverse effects; Eating - drug effects; Electric Impedance; Female; Humans; Lung cancer; Lung Neoplasms - drug therapy; Male; Middle Aged; Nutrition; Nutritional Status; Paclitaxel - administration & dosage; Paclitaxel - adverse effects; Quality of Life; Taste; Taste - drug effects; Taste - physiology; Taste Threshold - drug effects
• ISSN: 0163-5581; 1532-7914
• DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2016.1144075

We evaluated the effects of cisplatin and paclitaxel on taste acuity and their associations with nutritional and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in patients with advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Forty chemotherapy (CT)-naïve patients were assessed at baseline and after two cycles of paclitaxel and cisplatin. The taste evaluation was performed using a rinsing technique to identify detection and recognition thresholds (DT and RT) of bitter, sweet, and umami tastes. At baseline, 37.5% of the patients reported dysgeusia. After CT, the patients showed lower medians DT (p = 0.017) and RT (p = 0.028) for umami taste. These decreases were associated with clinical neuropathy, worse HRQL, and a tendency toward increased appetite loss. Additionally, CT did not significantly reduce the median DT for sweet (p = 0.09), which is associated with lower intake of protein (p = 0.015), animal protein (p = 0.010), fat (p = 0.004), and iron (p = 0.047). CT decreased the median DT for bitter (p = 0.035); however, this decrease was not associated with nutritional parameters or with HRQL. Sensitivity to taste increased with paclitaxel and cisplatin CT, making foods more unpleasant, and it was associated with neuropathy, worse HRQL, and reduced nutrient intake in advanced NSCLC patients. The protocol was registered at clinicaltrials.gov (NCT01540045).