Effect of dietary fat and calcium level on the biomarkers of colon cancer in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-treated rats

• Published in: Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) Vol. 22; no. 3; pp. 365 - 374
• Main Authors: Park, Hyun-Suh, Kim, Chae-Jong
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: New York, NY Elsevier Inc 2002; Elsevier Science
• Subjects: 1,2-dimethylhydrazine; bile acids; Biological and medical sciences; biomarkers; Calcium; Cell proliferation; Colon cancer; colorectal neoplasms; corn oil; DAG; dietary fat; excretion; experimental diets; Gastroenterology. Liver. Pancreas. Abdomen; linoleic acid; males; Medical sciences; mucosa; Perilla oil; rats; risk factors; Secondary bile acids; Stomach. Duodenum. Small intestine. Colon. Rectum. Anus; Tumors; vegetable oil; Cell proliferation; Colon cancer; DAG; Secondary bile acids; Calcium; Perilla oil; Rat; Diacylglycerol; Biological marker; Lipids; Vegetable oil; Supplemented diet; Inorganic element; Bile acid; Intestinal disease; Colon; Secondary; Digestive system; Gut; Rodentia; Malignant tumor; Feeding; Colonic disease; Micronutrient; Vertebrata; Experimental disease; Mammalia; Animal; Digestive diseases; Macronutrient
• ISSN: 0271-5317; 1879-0739
• DOI: 10.1016/S0271-5317(01)00394-3

The objective of the study was to observe the effect of dietary calcium (Ca) on cell proliferation and the level of 1,2-diacylgycerol (DAG) in colonic mucosa and fecal content of secondary bile acids depending on the types of fat consumed. One hundred male Sprague Dawley rats (7 week-old) were divided into two groups based on type of fat (corn oil or perilla oil) and each group was subdivided into two Ca levels. All rats were intramuscularly injected with 1,2-dimethylhydrazine and simultaneously fed the experimental diet (containing 15% fat and 0.3% or 1.0% Ca by weight) for 20 weeks. Compared to corn oil (CO), perilla oil (PO) significantly reduced cell proliferation by decreasing labeling index, proliferating zone, crypt height in colonic mucosa and the levels of DAG and fecal excretion of secondary bile acids. The effect of Ca on biomarkers was different depending on the type of dietary fat consumed. High levels of Ca (1.0%) significantly reduced DAG level and fecal excretion of secondary bile acids in CO-fed groups but not in PO-fed groups. Since high levels of Ca were more effective in reducing the risk factor against colon cancer in CO-fed rats, it could be suggested to consume more dietary Ca, especially when vegetable oil rich in linoleic acid was included in the diet.