Genetic potential and maize production in Serbia
Genetic potential of maize hybrids grown in Serbia is 10-15 t ha-1 , while the average yields are considerably lower. There are many reasons for this. At first, it is well known that drought is present often in some parts of country. Some soils are not suitable in the same degree for intensive maize...
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Published in | Genetika (Beograd) Vol. 45; no. 3; pp. 667 - 677 |
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Main Authors | , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
2013
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Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
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Summary: | Genetic potential of maize hybrids grown in Serbia is 10-15 t ha-1 , while
the average yields are considerably lower. There are many reasons for this.
At first, it is well known that drought is present often in some parts of
country. Some soils are not suitable in the same degree for intensive maize
production, application of mineral fertilizers is insufficient, mechanization
is outdated and arable farms are small and fragmented. During the period
19652012 high variations in precipitation were present during the maize
vegetation. The yearly average precipitation sum was 688.9 mm, with 397.5 mm
during vegetation. According to precipitation amount, years were divided into
groups: I 200-300 mm 7, (15%); II 301-400 mm 21, (44%) and III 401-500 mm 14,
(30%), and IV in 5 years (11%) more than 500 mm of precipitation was present.
The highest average yield in Serbia was achieved in 1991 (5.95 t ha-1) and
the lowest in 2000 (2.44 t ha-1). The average yield increase was 114 kg ha-1
per year from 1965 to 1985, and it was 22 kg ha-1 per year from 1986 to 2012.
In experiments during the period 1998-2012, when the standard cropping
technology (MSY) was applied, the average grain yield was10.46 t ha-1 for
hybrids of FAO 300-400, 10.39 t ha-1 for hybrids from FAO 500 and 11.38 for
FAO 600-700. There were no significant differences in yield between hybrids
from examined FAO groups. According to this, average maize yield includes
only 44.2% for FAO 300-400, 44.5% for FAO 500 and 40.6% for FAO 600700
utilized maize genetic potential. The significant improvement of maize
production demand the strategic long-term program, where it will be
elaborated: merging of land properties, increasing of the areas with
irrigation and increasing of the technology level in maize cropping. |
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Bibliography: | ObjectType-Article-1 SourceType-Scholarly Journals-1 ObjectType-Feature-2 content type line 23 |
ISSN: | 0534-0012 1820-6069 |
DOI: | 10.2298/GENSR1303667V |