Physio-biochemical and transcriptomic analysis of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens PG-4-induced salt stress tolerance in Macrotyloma uniflorum
Introduction Macrotyloma uniflorum is an important legume fodder crop and green fertilizer. Salinity impedes plant growth and productivity of legume crops by disrupting the ionic and osmotic balance and hormonal regulation. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are rhizosphere bacteria that co...
Saved in:
Published in | Frontiers in sustainable food systems Vol. 8 |
---|---|
Main Authors | , , , , , , , , , |
Format | Journal Article |
Language | English |
Published |
Frontiers Media S.A
17.04.2024
|
Subjects | |
Online Access | Get full text |
Cover
Loading…
Summary: | Introduction
Macrotyloma uniflorum
is an important legume fodder crop and green fertilizer. Salinity impedes plant growth and productivity of legume crops by disrupting the ionic and osmotic balance and hormonal regulation. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are rhizosphere bacteria that contribute to the improvement of plant growth through diverse physiological mechanisms.
Methods
In this study, the growth promoting characteristics of the isolated strain
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
PG-4 were analyzed, and to further investigated the possible mechanism of PG-4 in mitigating the damage caused by salt stress in
M. uniflorum
plants through pot experiments.
Results
In presence of different salt levels, PG-4 showed a high potentiality to produce several plant growth promoting metabolites such as NH
3
, siderophore, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase (ACC-deaminase), and hydrolytic enzymes. Inoculation of the PG-4 significantly enhanced plant tolerance to salt stress, as demonstrated by promotion of plant growth (shoot and root biomass) under salt stress condition. Furthermore, PG-4 improved salt tolerance of
Macrotyloma uniflorum
seedlings by affecting the antioxidant enzymes including peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), by increasing the levels of proline, soluble sugars and chlorophyll. Treatment with PG-4 increased the K
+
content while decreased the Na
+
concentration level under salt stress. Transcriptomic analysis revealed 5525 genes were differentially expressed (PG-4-inoculated versus non-inoculated samples) at 0 mM NaCl, of which 3277 were upregulated and 2248 downregulated, while 1298 genes were differentially expressed at 100 mM NaCl, of which 819 were upregulated and 479 were downregulated. GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that these DEGs were significantly enriched in several terms and pathways mainly involved in the regulation of the cellular redox state, cell wall modification, metabolic adjustments, hemoglobin, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and plant hormone signal transduction.
Discussion
These data showed that
Bacillus amyloliquefaciens
PG-4 significantly enhance salt stress tolerance in
Macrotyloma uniflorum
plants during salt stress conditions. Therefore, the results may be useful for explaining the mechanism by which PGPR inoculation regulates the salt tolerance of crops. |
---|---|
ISSN: | 2571-581X 2571-581X |
DOI: | 10.3389/fsufs.2024.1386079 |