An Enzymatic and Proteomic Analysis of Panus lecomtei during Biodegradation of Gossypol in Cottonseed

• Published in: Journal of fungi (Basel) Vol. 10; no. 5; p. 321
• Main Authors: Neto, Clemente Batista Soares, Gomes, Taísa Godoy, Filho, Edivaldo Ximenes Ferreira, Fontes, Wagner, Ricart, Carlos André Ornelas, de Almeida, João Ricardo Moreira, de Siqueira, Félix Gonçalves, Miller, Robert Neil Gerard
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Switzerland MDPI AG 27.04.2024
• Subjects: Alternative energy sources; Animals; Biodegradation; Biodiesel fuels; Biofuels; biomass; Bioremediation; cotton; Cultural heritage; Detoxification; Emission standards; Enzymes; Fatty acids; Feeds; Gossypol; Growth conditions; Lignin; Oilseeds; Oxidation; Oxidative metabolism; Oxidative stress; Panus lecomtei; Proteins; Proteomics; Resource utilization; Sodium; Soybeans; Vegetable oils; Xenobiotics; Brazil; United States > US; Panus lecomtei; animal feed; biomass; proteomics; cotton; gossypol; detoxification
• ISSN: 2309-608X; 2309-608X
• DOI: 10.3390/jof10050321

Cotton is an important plant-based protein. Cottonseed cake, a byproduct of the biodiesel industry, offers potential in animal supplementation, although the presence of the antinutritional sesquiterpenoid gossypol limits utilization. The macrofungus offers potential in detoxification of antinutritional factors. Through an enzymatic and proteomic analysis of strain BRM044603, grown on crushed whole cottonseed contrasting in the presence of free gossypol (FG), this study investigated FG biodegradation over a 15-day cultivation period. Fungal growth reduced FG to levels at 100 μg/g, with a complex adaptive response observed, involving primary metabolism and activation of oxidative enzymes for metabolism of xenobiotics. Increasing activity of secreted laccases correlated with a reduction in FG, with enzyme fractions degrading synthetic gossypol to trace levels. A total of 143 and 49 differentially abundant proteins were observed across the two contrasting growth conditions after 6 and 12 days of cultivation, respectively, revealing a dynamic protein profile during FG degradation, initially related to constitutive metabolism, then later associated with responses to oxidative stress. The findings advance our understanding of the mechanisms involved in gossypol degradation and highlight the potential of BRM044603 in cotton waste biotreatment, relevant for animal supplementation, sustainable resource utilization, and bioremediation.