Electrochemical behaviors of porous SnO2–Sn/C composites derived from pyrolysis of SnO2/poly(vinylidene fluoride)

• Published in: Electrochimica acta Vol. 66; pp. 204 - 209
• Main Authors: Sun, Xiaolei, Wang, Xinghui, Qiao, Li, Hu, Duokai, Feng, Na, Li, Xiuwan, Liu, Yingqi, He, Deyan
• Format: Journal Article
• Language: English
• Published: Kidlington Elsevier Ltd 01.04.2012; Elsevier
• Subjects: Anode; Applied sciences; Carbon; Carbon-carbon composites; Current density; Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation; Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering; Electrical power engineering; Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells; Exact sciences and technology; Fluorides; Lithium ion batteries; Porous carbon; Pyrolysis; Tin; Tin dioxide; Tin oxide; Tin oxides; Lithium ion batteries; Pyrolysis; Porous carbon; Anode; Tin oxide; Nanoparticle; Electrode material; Porous material; Composite material; Surface structure; Vinylidene fluoride polymer; Raman spectrometry; Electrical characteristic; Scanning electron microscopy; Cycling; Tin IV Oxides; Thermogravimetry; Secondary cell; Carbon; Transmission electron microscopy; Morphology; Preparation; Tin; Lithion ion batteries; Thermal analysis
• ISSN: 0013-4686; 1873-3859
• DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.01.083

► Porous SnO2–Sn/C composites were synthesized via pyrolysis of SnO2/poly(vinylidene fluoride). ► SnO2/Sn nanoparticles are encapsulated well in porous carbon matrix. ► The SnO2–Sn/C composites have good electrochemical performances even at high current densities. Porous SnO2–Sn/C composites have been synthesized via directly pyrolysis of mixtures of SnO2 powder and poly(vinylidene fluoride) without any surfactant addition and other treatment. The composites are composed of SnO2 and Sn nanoparticles which are well encapsulated in porous carbon matrix as characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction and micro-Raman spectrometer. The obtained materials were used as anode for lithium ion batteries, a discharge capacity of 1171mAhg−1 and a charge capacity of 611mAhg−1 were shown in the first cycle at a current density of 100mAg−1, and good cycling performance achieved even at current density as high as 800mAg−1. The good electrochemical behaviors could be attributed to the formation of Sn nanoparticles which can increase the reversible capacity and the porous carbon matrix which is of excellent buffering effect and high electronic conductivity.